C Programming

Variables

Data Types

Conditional Statements

Files and Exceptions

Structures and Unions

A Simple Hello world program in C Language

      #include<stdio.h>
       int main()
      {
        printf("Hello World\n");
         return 0;
       }

C language was developed by Dennis Ritchie Include function includes the header file which is <stdio.h> Stdio stands for standard Input and Output ( .h ) represents the header file

Input and Output

printf is used to display the output of the given data in C

      #include<stdio.h>
       int main(){
        int a=3,b=6;
        int x=a+b;
        printf("sum = %d",x);
        }

Scanf is used to take input from the user To access the address of the input C uses ampersand (&) to store the address.

FORMAT SPECIFIERS

• To access the address of the given data and to write the data into variables C uses these format specifiers for assigning address For int %d or %i Float %f String %s Char %C

Program

      #include<stdio.h>   // Header file
       int main(){       // main function
        int a =1;       // declaring variables and initializing values
        float b=2;
        char c='a';
       printf(" %d\n%f\n%c",a,b,c);  // printing the variables
       }

Manipulation of data types

To do math in C we use int , float data types

• Addition (+)
• Subtraction(-)
• Multiplication(*)
• Division (/)
• floor Division(//)

Calculations in c

    #include<stdio.h> 
    
    int main()
    {
      int a=3,b=2;
      
      printf("sum = %d",a+b);
      
      printf("Subtraction = %d",a-b);
      
      print("Multiple = %d",a*b);
      
      float x= 36.14;
      
      float y= 6.2;
      
       printf("division =%f",x/y);

       return 0;
    }

• For taking input we use scanf function to take input from user

        #include<stdio.h>
          int main(){
         printf("Enter two numbers ");
        int a , b,c; //declaring variables 
        scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
           c=a+b;
        printf("\nsum of numbers is %d",c);
        }
  

Operators

The operators for manipulating data in C divided into

• Arithmetic operators

        #include<stdio.h>
  
        int main(){
  
        int a = 10,  b=90;
  
        printf("Sum of a +b  is  %d",a+b);
  
        return 0;
             }
  

• Conditional operators

• Logical operators

• Bitwise operators

Variables

Variables : Anything that stores the value .

• int cars= 10 ,
• float speed = 143.789 ,
• double pi = 3.1428579631274639 ,
• char letter ='L',
• string = "I am Ironman";

A variable can be anything that can store the values of specified format

Control Statements

Control flow

• if
• else if
• else
• switch cases

Loops

• for loop
• while loop
• do while loop