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entity instead of node
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andreavesco committed Dec 13, 2023
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# Introduction {#sec-introduction}

The Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) is a decentralised identity model that gives a node control over the data it uses to generate and prove its identity. SSI model relies on three fundamental elements: a distributed ledger as the Root of Trust (RoT) for public keys, Decentralized IDentifier {{DID}}, and Verifiable Credential {{VC}}. An SSI aware node builds his identity starting from generating the identity key pair (_sk_, _pk_). Then the node stores _pk_ in the distributed ledger of choice for other nodes to authenticate it.
A node's DID is a pointer to the distributed ledger where other nodes can retrieve its _pk_. A DID is a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) in the form ``did:did-method-name:method-specific-id`` where ``method-name`` is the name of the {{DID}} Method used to interact with the distributed ledger and ``method-specific-id`` is the pointer to the {{DID}} Document that contains _pk_, stored in the distributed ledger.
After that, the node can request a VC from one of the Issuers available in the system. The VC contains the metadata to describe properties of the credential, the DID and the claims about the identity of the node and the signature of the Issuer.
The Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) is a decentralised identity model that gives an entity control over the data it uses to generate and prove its identity. SSI model relies on three fundamental elements: a distributed ledger as the Root of Trust (RoT) for public keys, Decentralized IDentifier {{DID}}, and Verifiable Credential {{VC}}. An SSI aware entity builds his identity starting from generating its key pair (_sk_, _pk_). Then the entity stores _pk_ in the distributed ledger of choice for other entities to authenticate it.
An entity's DID is a pointer to the distributed ledger where other entities can retrieve its _pk_. A DID is a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) in the form ``did:did-method-name:method-specific-id`` where ``method-name`` is the name of the {{DID}} Method used to interact with the distributed ledger and ``method-specific-id`` is the pointer to the {{DID}} Document that contains _pk_, stored in the distributed ledger.
After that, the entity can request a VC from one of the Issuers available in the system. The VC contains the metadata to describe properties of the credential, the DID and the claims about the identity of the entity and the signature of the Issuer.
The combination of the key pair (_sk_, _pk_), the DID and at least one VC forms the identity compliant with the SSI model.
A node requests access to services by presenting a Verfiable Presentation {{VP}}. The VP is an envelop of the VC signed by the node holding the VC with its _sk_. The verifier authenticates the node checking the validity and authenticity of the VP and the inner VC before granting or denying access to the requesting node.
An entity requests access to services by presenting a Verifiable Presentation {{VP}}. The VP is an envelop of the VC signed by the entity holding the VC with its _sk_. The verifier authenticates the entity checking the validity and authenticity of the VP and the inner VC before granting or denying access to the requesting entity.

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-------- ok/ko ---------- pk -----
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The current implementations of the authentication process run at the Application layer. A client node estabhlishes a TLS channel authenticating the server node with the server's X.509 certificate. Then the server node authenticates the client node that sends its VP at application layer (i.e. over the TLS channel already established). The mutual authentication with VPs occurs when also the server node exchanges its VP with the client node again at application layer.
The current implementations of the authentication process run at the application layer. A client estabhlishes a TLS channel authenticating the server with the server's X.509 certificate. Then the server authenticates the client that sends its VP at application layer (i.e. over the TLS channel already established). The mutual authentication with VPs occurs when also the server exchanges its VP with the client again at application layer.

SSI is emerging as an identity option for Internet of Thing and Edge nodes in computing continuum environments. In these scenarios, (mutual) authentication with VP can take place directly at the TLS protocol layer, enabling the peer-to-peer interaction model envisaged by the SSI model.
SSI is emerging as an identity option for Internet of Thing and Edge devices in computing continuum environments. In these scenarios, (mutual) authentication with VP can take place directly at the TLS protocol layer, enabling the peer-to-peer interaction model envisaged by the SSI model.
This document describes the extensions to TLS handshake protocol to support the use of VCs for authentication while preserving the interoperability with TLS endpoints that use X.509 certificates.
The extensions enable server and mutual authentication using VC, X.509, Raw Public Key or a combination of two of them. The ability to perform hybrid authenticated handshakes supports the gradual deployment of SSI in existing systems. Moreover, the extension allows TLS endpoints to use different distributed ledger technologies to store their public keys and to authenticate the peer. The authentication process is successful if the TLS endpoints implement the DID Method to resolve the peer's DID.
The extensions enable server and mutual authentication using VC, X.509, Raw Public Key or a combination of two of them. The ability to perform hybrid authenticated handshakes supports the gradual deployment of SSI in existing systems. Moreover, the extension allows TLS endpoints to use different distributed ledger technologies to store their public keys and to authenticate the peers. The authentication process is successful if the TLS endpoints implement the DID Method to resolve the peer's DID.

This document uses _italic formatting_ in the following sections to mark some paragraphs discussing items still under design: {{sec-server-hello-message}} and {{sec-certificate-message}}.

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