Epta-Node · waterWang · Jul 31, 2026
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/landing/Navbar.tsx b/frontend/src/components/landing/Navbar.tsx
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ const navItems = [
 ]
 
 const Navbar: React.FC = () => {
-  const { publicKey, connected, connectionMethod, disconnect } = useWallet()
+  const { publicKey, connected, ready, connectionMethod, disconnect } = useWallet()
   const navigate = useNavigate()
   const [mobileMenuOpen, setMobileMenuOpen] = useState(false)
   const [mobileSearchOpen, setMobileSearchOpen] = useState(false)
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ const Navbar: React.FC = () => {
             <Search size={15} />
           </motion.button>
 
-          {connected && publicKey ? (
+          {connected && publicKey && ready ? (
             <div className="flex items-center gap-0.5 bg-background-surface/40 border border-border-subtle/60 rounded-md pl-2 pr-1 py-0.5">
               <span className="relative flex w-1.5 h-1.5">
                 <span className="animate-ping absolute inline-flex h-full w-full rounded-full bg-accent-green opacity-50" />

diff --git a/frontend/src/components/layout/TopNav.tsx b/frontend/src/components/layout/TopNav.tsx
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ const TopNav: React.FC<TopNavProps> = ({
   isMobile,
   isDrawerOpen = false,
 }) => {
-  const { publicKey, connected, connectionMethod, disconnect } = useWallet()
+  const { publicKey, connected, ready, connectionMethod, disconnect } = useWallet()
 
   const getTitle = () => {
     const path = window.location.pathname
@@ -75,23 +75,34 @@ const TopNav: React.FC<TopNavProps> = ({
 
       <div className="nav-right">
         {connected && publicKey ? (
-          <>
-            <span className="wallet-chip connected" id="wallet-pubkey-display">
-              {truncateKey(publicKey)}
-            </span>
-            {connectionMethod && (
-              <span className="wallet-chip connected" style={{ fontSize: '10px', padding: '2px 6px' }}>
-                {connectionMethod === 'freighter' ? 'Freighter' : 'Secret Key'}
+          ready ? (
+            <>
+              <span className="wallet-chip connected" id="wallet-pubkey-display">
+                {truncateKey(publicKey)}
               </span>
-            )}
-            <button 
-              className="disconnect-btn"
-              onClick={disconnect}
-              id="btn-disconnect"
-            >
-              Disconnect
-            </button>
-          </>
+              {connectionMethod && (
+                <span className="wallet-chip connected" style={{ fontSize: '10px', padding: '2px 6px' }}>
+                  {connectionMethod === 'freighter' ? 'Freighter' : 'Secret Key'}
+                </span>
+              )}
+              <button
+                className="disconnect-btn"
+                onClick={disconnect}
+                id="btn-disconnect"
+              >
+                Disconnect
+              </button>
+            </>
+          ) : (
+            <>
+              <span className="wallet-chip connected" id="wallet-pubkey-display" style={{ opacity: 0.6 }}>
+                {truncateKey(publicKey)}
+              </span>
+              <span className="wallet-chip" style={{ fontSize: '10px', padding: '2px 6px', background: '#fef3c7', color: '#92400e' }}>
+                Reconnect Required
+              </span>
+            </>
+          )
         ) : (
           <span className="wallet-chip disconnected" id="wallet-pubkey-display">
             Not Connected

diff --git a/frontend/src/context/WalletContext.tsx b/frontend/src/context/WalletContext.tsx
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ interface WalletContextType {
   publicKey: string | null
   keypair: Keypair | null
   connected: boolean
+  ready: boolean
   connectionMethod: ConnectionMethod | null
   freighterAvailable: boolean
   connect: (secretKey: string) => Promise<void>
@@ -40,6 +41,10 @@ export const WalletProvider: React.FC<{ children: React.ReactNode }> = ({ childr
   const [freighterAvailable, setFreighterAvailable] = useState(false)
 
   const connected = !!publicKey
+  // ready means the wallet can actually sign transactions:
+  // - Freighter: always ready when connected (Freighter handles signing)
+  // - Secret key: only ready when keypair is in memory (not serializable)
+  const ready = connected && (connectionMethod === 'freighter' || !!keypair)
 
   useEffect(() => {
     checkFreighterAvailable().then(setFreighterAvailable)
@@ -109,6 +114,7 @@ export const WalletProvider: React.FC<{ children: React.ReactNode }> = ({ childr
         publicKey,
         keypair,
         connected,
+        ready,
         connectionMethod,
         freighterAvailable,
         connect,

diff --git a/frontend/src/hooks/useWallet.ts b/frontend/src/hooks/useWallet.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 import { useWallet as useWalletContext } from '../context/WalletContext';
 
 export const useWallet = () => {
-  const { publicKey, keypair, connected, connectionMethod, freighterAvailable, connect, connectFreighter, disconnect } = useWalletContext();
+  const { publicKey, keypair, connected, ready, connectionMethod, freighterAvailable, connect, connectFreighter, disconnect } = useWalletContext();
   return {
     address: publicKey,
     publicKey,
     keypair,
     connected,
+    ready,
     connectionMethod,
     freighterAvailable,
     connect,

diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/WalletPage.module.css b/frontend/src/pages/WalletPage.module.css
@@ -354,3 +354,50 @@
     align-items: flex-start;
   }
 }
+
+/* Reconnect card (secret key lost after refresh) */
+.reconnectCard {
+  background: var(--bg-primary);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
+  border-radius: 12px;
+  padding: 32px;
+  max-width: 440px;
+}
+
+.reconnectInfo {
+  font-size: 0.875rem;
+  color: var(--text-secondary);
+  line-height: 1.5;
+  margin: 0 0 16px;
+}
+
+.reconnectPubkey {
+  font-size: 0.8125rem;
+  color: var(--text-secondary);
+  margin: 0 0 16px;
+  word-break: break-all;
+}
+
+.reconnectPubkey code {
+  font-family: monospace;
+  background: var(--bg-secondary);
+  padding: 2px 6px;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  font-size: 0.75rem;
+}
+
+.reconnectActions {
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 12px;
+  align-items: center;
+  margin-top: 16px;
+}
+
+.reconnectActions .connectButton {
+  flex: 1;
+  margin-top: 0;
+}
+
+.reconnectActions .disconnectButton {
+  margin-top: 0;
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/pages/WalletPage.tsx b/frontend/src/pages/WalletPage.tsx
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import styles from './WalletPage.module.css'
 const STELLAR_EXPLORER = 'https://stellar.expert/explorer/testnet'
 
 function WalletPage() {
-  const { publicKey, connected, connectionMethod, freighterAvailable, connect, connectFreighter, disconnect } = useWallet()
+  const { publicKey, connected, ready, connectionMethod, freighterAvailable, connect, connectFreighter, disconnect } = useWallet()
   const { balance, loading: balanceLoading, error: balanceError } = useWalletBalance(publicKey)
   const { transactions, loading: txLoading, error: txError } = useTransactionHistory(publicKey)
   const [copied, setCopied] = React.useState(false)
@@ -165,6 +165,70 @@ function WalletPage() {
     )
   }
 
+  // Reconnect prompt: wallet was previously connected via secret key but
+  // keypair is lost after page refresh (Keypair is not JSON-serializable).
+  if (!ready && connectionMethod === 'secret-key') {
+    return (
+      <div className={styles.page}>
+        <div className={styles.header}>
+          <h1 className={styles.title}>
+            <Wallet size={24} />
+            Wallet
+          </h1>
+          <p className={styles.subtitle}>Re-enter your secret key to resume.</p>
+        </div>
+
+        <div className={styles.reconnectCard}>
+          <p className={styles.reconnectInfo}>
+            Your wallet was previously connected via{' '}
+            <strong>Secret Key</strong>. Since the key cannot be stored in the
+            browser, please re-enter it to continue.
+          </p>
+          {publicKey && (
+            <p className={styles.reconnectPubkey}>
+              Public Key: <code>{publicKey}</code>
+            </p>
+          )}
+          <form onSubmit={handleConnect}>
+            <label className={styles.fieldLabel} htmlFor="reconnect-secret-key">
+              Stellar Secret Key
+            </label>
+            <input
+              id="reconnect-secret-key"
+              className={styles.secretInput}
+              type="password"
+              placeholder="SABCD...5678"
+              value={secretInput}
+              onChange={(e) => setSecretInput(e.target.value)}
+              aria-describedby="reconnect-error"
+            />
+            {connectError && (
+              <p id="reconnect-error" className={styles.error} role="alert">
+                {connectError}
+              </p>
+            )}
+            <div className={styles.reconnectActions}>
+              <button
+                type="submit"
+                className={styles.connectButton}
+                disabled={connecting || !secretInput.trim()}
+              >
+                {connecting ? 'Connecting...' : 'Reconnect'}
+              </button>
+              <button
+                type="button"
+                className={styles.disconnectButton}
+                onClick={disconnect}
+              >
+                Disconnect
+              </button>
+            </div>
+          </form>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    )
+  }
+
   return (
     <div className={styles.page}>
       <div className={styles.header}>