DeScrow - Decentralized Escrow Service

A secure multi-party smart contract system that holds funds in escrow until predefined conditions are met, with built-in dispute resolution mechanisms.

Features

• Multi-party Escrow: Buyer, Seller, and optional Arbitrator roles
• Dispute Resolution: Neutral third-party arbitration system
• Time-lock Protection: Automatic refunds after expiry
• Platform Fees: Configurable fee structure
• Security: Reentrancy guards, access control, emergency pause

Contract Architecture

contracts/
├── DeScrow.sol              # Main escrow contract
├── interfaces/
│   └── IArbitrator.sol      # Arbitrator interface
└── libraries/
    └── EscrowUtils.sol      # Utility functions and structs

Escrow States

• PENDING: Escrow created, awaiting buyer deposit
• FUNDED: Buyer has deposited funds
• IN_DISPUTE: Dispute raised, awaiting arbitrator
• COMPLETED: Funds released to seller
• CANCELLED: Funds returned to buyer
• EXPIRED: Time limit reached, funds automatically returned

Usage Examples

Creating an Escrow

const escrowId = await deScrow.connect(buyer).createEscrow(
  sellerAddress,
  arbitratorAddress,
  expiryTimestamp,
  { value: ethers.parseEther("1.0") }
);

Happy Path Completion

// Buyer confirms delivery
await deScrow.connect(buyer).confirmDelivery(escrowId);

// Seller requests payment
await deScrow.connect(seller).requestPayment(escrowId);
// Funds automatically released to seller

Dispute Resolution

// Either party raises dispute
await deScrow.connect(buyer).raiseDispute(escrowId, "Product not as described");

// Arbitrator resolves dispute
await deScrow.connect(arbitrator).resolveDispute(escrowId, true); // Award to seller

Time-based Withdrawal

// After expiry time passes
await deScrow.connect(buyer).withdrawExpired(escrowId);

Installation & Setup

npm install
npx hardhat compile
npx hardhat test

Deployment

# Deploy to local network
npx hardhat run scripts/deploy.js

# Deploy to testnet
npx hardhat run scripts/deploy.js --network goerli

# Deploy to mainnet
npx hardhat run scripts/deploy.js --network mainnet

Security Considerations

• All functions include proper access control
• Reentrancy protection on fund transfers
• Input validation on all parameters
• Emergency pause functionality for critical bugs
• Platform fee capped at 10% maximum

Gas Optimization

• Optimized storage layout
• Minimal external calls
• Efficient event emission
• Library usage for common operations

Testing

Run the comprehensive test suite:

npx hardhat test

Test coverage includes:

• Happy path scenarios
• Dispute resolution flows
• Time-based expiry handling
• Edge cases and error conditions
• Security attack vectors

License

MIT License