Add claiming tests for end device onboarding

[kschiffer]

Summary

This PR adds claiming tests for the new device onboarding flow.

References #4847

Changes

• Add claim end-to-end tests
• Update other DO tests with progressive insight
• Apply some small fixes to DO related to the new tests

Testing

Yes.

Notes for Reviewers

I decided against splitting up the claim tests into device repository and manual type (in two files). Instead I used one test spec for both. I focused the tests on the claiming aspects to avoid too much repetition with the existing tests.

Checklist

• Scope: The referenced issue is addressed, there are no unrelated changes.
• Compatibility: The changes are backwards compatible with existing API, storage, configuration and CLI, according to the compatibility commitments in README.md for the chosen target branch.
• Documentation: Relevant documentation is added or updated.
• Changelog: Significant features, behavior changes, deprecations and fixes are added to CHANGELOG.md.
• Commits: Commit messages follow guidelines in CONTRIBUTING.md, there are no fixup commits left.

[ryaplots]

LGTM!