Add support for strategy-based UUID auto-generation (@DynamoDbAutoGeneratedUuid)

.changes/next-release/feature-AmazonDynamoDBEnhancedClient-cbcc2bb.json

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "type": "feature",
+  "category": "Amazon DynamoDB Enhanced Client",
+  "contributor": "",
+  "description": "Added strategy-based UUID generation to DynamoDbAutoGeneratedUuid with ALWAYS (default) and CREATE modes."
+}

services-custom/dynamodb-enhanced/src/main/java/software/amazon/awssdk/enhanced/dynamodb/extensions/AutoGeneratedUuidExtension.java

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 
 package software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.extensions;
 
-import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
@@ -27,17 +26,17 @@
 import software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.DynamoDbEnhancedClientExtension;
 import software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.DynamoDbExtensionContext;
 import software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.EnhancedType;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.extensions.annotations.DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy;
+import software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.extensions.annotations.DynamoDbAutoGeneratedUuid;
 import software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.mapper.StaticAttributeTag;
 import software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.mapper.StaticTableMetadata;
-import software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.mapper.annotations.DynamoDbUpdateBehavior;
 import software.amazon.awssdk.services.dynamodb.model.AttributeValue;
 import software.amazon.awssdk.utils.Validate;
 
 
 /**
- * This extension facilitates the automatic generation of a unique UUID (Universally Unique Identifier) for a specified attribute
- * every time a new record is written to the database. The generated UUID is obtained using the
- * {@link java.util.UUID#randomUUID()} method.
+ * This extension facilitates the automatic generation of a UUID value for tagged string attributes.
+ * UUID values are generated using {@link java.util.UUID#randomUUID()}.
  * <p>
  * This extension is not loaded by default when you instantiate a
  * {@link software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.DynamoDbEnhancedClient}. Therefore, you need to specify it in a custom
@@ -56,30 +55,36 @@
  *}
  * </p>
  * <p>
- * To utilize the auto-generated UUID feature, first, create a field in your model that will store the UUID for the attribute.
- * This class field must be of type {@link java.lang.String}, and you need to tag it as the autoGeneratedUuidAttribute. If you are
+ * To use auto-generated UUID values, create a field in your model that stores the UUID attribute.
+ * This field must be of type {@link java.lang.String}, and you need to tag it as auto-generated UUID. If you are
  * using the {@link software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.mapper.BeanTableSchema}, then you should use the
- * {@link software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.extensions.annotations.DynamoDbAutoGeneratedUuid} annotation. If you are using
+ * {@link DynamoDbAutoGeneratedUuid} annotation. If you are using
  * the {@link software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.mapper.StaticTableSchema}, then you should use the
  * {@link
  * software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.extensions.AutoGeneratedUuidExtension.AttributeTags#autoGeneratedUuidAttribute()}
  * static attribute tag.
  * </p>
  * <p>
- * Every time a new record is successfully put into the database, the specified attribute will be automatically populated with a
- * unique UUID generated using {@link java.util.UUID#randomUUID()}. If the UUID needs to be created only for `putItem` and should
- * not be generated for an `updateItem`, then
- * {@link software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.mapper.UpdateBehavior#WRITE_IF_NOT_EXISTS} must be along with
- * {@link DynamoDbUpdateBehavior}
- *
+ * Generation behavior is controlled by {@link DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy}:
+ * <ul>
+ *     <li>{@code ALWAYS}: generate a new UUID on every write handled by this extension.</li>
+ *     <li>{@code CREATE}: generate a UUID only when the current value is missing from the write item map.
+ *     Missing means the value is absent, {@code NULL}, or an empty string.</li>
+ * </ul>
+ * <p>
+ * {@link software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.mapper.UpdateBehavior} is a separate concern used while building update
+ * expressions for {@code updateItem}. It does not change this extension's strategy decision.
  * </p>
  */
 @SdkPublicApi
 @ThreadSafe
 public final class AutoGeneratedUuidExtension implements DynamoDbEnhancedClientExtension {
     private static final String CUSTOM_METADATA_KEY =
         "software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.extensions.AutoGeneratedUuidExtension:AutoGeneratedUuidAttribute";
-    private static final AutoGeneratedUuidAttribute AUTO_GENERATED_UUID_ATTRIBUTE = new AutoGeneratedUuidAttribute();
+    private static final AutoGeneratedUuidAttribute AUTO_GENERATED_UUID_ALWAYS_ATTRIBUTE =
+        new AutoGeneratedUuidAttribute(DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy.ALWAYS);
+    private static final AutoGeneratedUuidAttribute AUTO_GENERATED_UUID_CREATE_ATTRIBUTE =
+        new AutoGeneratedUuidAttribute(DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy.CREATE);
 
     private AutoGeneratedUuidExtension() {
     }
@@ -101,42 +106,69 @@ public static AutoGeneratedUuidExtension create() {
     public WriteModification beforeWrite(DynamoDbExtensionContext.BeforeWrite context) {
 
 
-        Collection<String> customMetadataObject = context.tableMetadata()
-                                                         .customMetadataObject(CUSTOM_METADATA_KEY, Collection.class)
-                                                         .orElse(null);
+        Map<String, DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy> customMetadataObject =
+            context.tableMetadata()
+                   .customMetadataObject(CUSTOM_METADATA_KEY, Map.class)
+                   .orElse(null);
 
         if (customMetadataObject == null) {
             return WriteModification.builder().build();
         }
 
         Map<String, AttributeValue> itemToTransform = new HashMap<>(context.items());
-        customMetadataObject.forEach(key -> insertUuidInItemToTransform(itemToTransform, key));
+        customMetadataObject.forEach((key, strategy) -> insertUuidInItemToTransform(itemToTransform, key, strategy));
         return WriteModification.builder()
                                 .transformedItem(Collections.unmodifiableMap(itemToTransform))
                                 .build();
     }
 
     private void insertUuidInItemToTransform(Map<String, AttributeValue> itemToTransform,
-                                             String key) {
+                                             String key,
+                                             DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy strategy) {
+        if (strategy == DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy.CREATE && !isMissingValue(itemToTransform.get(key))) {
+            return;
+        }
         itemToTransform.put(key, AttributeValue.builder().s(UUID.randomUUID().toString()).build());
     }
 
+    private boolean isMissingValue(AttributeValue currentValue) {
+        return currentValue == null || Boolean.TRUE.equals(currentValue.nul()) || "".equals(currentValue.s());
+    }
+
     public static final class AttributeTags {
 
         private AttributeTags() {
         }
 
         /**
-         * Tags which indicate that the given attribute is supported wih Auto Generated UUID Record Extension.
+         * Tags which indicate that the given attribute is supported with Auto Generated UUID Record Extension.
          *
          * @return Tag name for AutoGenerated UUID Records
          */
         public static StaticAttributeTag autoGeneratedUuidAttribute() {
-            return AUTO_GENERATED_UUID_ATTRIBUTE;
+            return AUTO_GENERATED_UUID_ALWAYS_ATTRIBUTE;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Tags which indicate that the given attribute is supported with Auto Generated UUID Record Extension and
+         * applies the provided strategy.
+         *
+         * @return Tag name for AutoGenerated UUID Records
+         */
+        public static StaticAttributeTag autoGeneratedUuidAttribute(DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy strategy) {
+            Validate.notNull(strategy, "strategy is null");
+            return strategy == DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy.CREATE
+                   ? AUTO_GENERATED_UUID_CREATE_ATTRIBUTE
+                   : AUTO_GENERATED_UUID_ALWAYS_ATTRIBUTE;
         }
     }
 
     private static class AutoGeneratedUuidAttribute implements StaticAttributeTag {
+        private final DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy strategy;
+
+        private AutoGeneratedUuidAttribute(DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy strategy) {
+            this.strategy = strategy;
+        }
 
         @Override
         public <R> void validateType(String attributeName, EnhancedType<R> type,
@@ -156,7 +188,8 @@ public <R> void validateType(String attributeName, EnhancedType<R> type,
         @Override
         public Consumer<StaticTableMetadata.Builder> modifyMetadata(String attributeName,
                                                                     AttributeValueType attributeValueType) {
-            return metadata -> metadata.addCustomMetadataObject(CUSTOM_METADATA_KEY, Collections.singleton(attributeName))
+            return metadata -> metadata.addCustomMetadataObject(
+                                           CUSTOM_METADATA_KEY, Collections.singletonMap(attributeName, strategy))
                                        .markAttributeAsKey(attributeName, attributeValueType);
         }
     }

services-custom/dynamodb-enhanced/src/main/java/software/amazon/awssdk/enhanced/dynamodb/extensions/annotations/DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy.java

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License").
+ * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * A copy of the License is located at
+ *
+ *  http://aws.amazon.com/apache2.0
+ *
+ * or in the "license" file accompanying this file. This file is distributed
+ * on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either
+ * express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing
+ * permissions and limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.extensions.annotations;
+
+import software.amazon.awssdk.annotations.SdkPublicApi;
+
+/**
+ * Strategy used by {@link DynamoDbAutoGeneratedUuid} to decide when UUID values are generated.
+ */
+@SdkPublicApi
+public enum DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy {
+    /**
+     * Generate a new UUID on every write operation.
+     */
+    ALWAYS,
+
+    /**
+     * Generate a UUID only when the value is missing.
+     * Missing means the value is absent, DynamoDB {@code NULL}, or an empty string.
+     */
+    CREATE
+}

services-custom/dynamodb-enhanced/src/main/java/software/amazon/awssdk/enhanced/dynamodb/extensions/annotations/DynamoDbAutoGeneratedUuid.java

@@ -19,18 +19,27 @@
 import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
 import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
 import java.lang.annotation.Target;
-import java.util.UUID;
 import software.amazon.awssdk.annotations.SdkPublicApi;
 import software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.internal.extensions.AutoGeneratedUuidTag;
 import software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb.mapper.annotations.BeanTableSchemaAttributeTag;
 
 /**
- * Denotes this attribute as recording the auto generated UUID string for the record. Every time a record with this
- * attribute is written to the database it will update the attribute with a {@link UUID#randomUUID} string.
+ * Denotes this attribute as recording the auto generated UUID string for the record.
+ * <p>
+ * The {@link #strategy()} controls whether UUID is generated on every write or only when missing.
+ * The default is {@link DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy#ALWAYS} for backward compatibility with existing
+ * {@code @DynamoDbAutoGeneratedUuid} usage.
+ * Use {@link DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy#CREATE} when you want to generate only if the value is missing.
  */
 @SdkPublicApi
 @Target(ElementType.METHOD)
 @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
 @BeanTableSchemaAttributeTag(AutoGeneratedUuidTag.class)
 public @interface DynamoDbAutoGeneratedUuid {
-}
+    /**
+     * Defines when a new UUID should be generated.
+     * <p>
+     * Defaults to {@link DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy#ALWAYS} to preserve backward compatibility.
+     */
+    DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy strategy() default DynamoDbAutoGenerateStrategy.ALWAYS;
+}

services-custom/dynamodb-enhanced/src/main/java/software/amazon/awssdk/enhanced/dynamodb/internal/extensions/AutoGeneratedUuidTag.java

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ private AutoGeneratedUuidTag() {
     }
 
     public static StaticAttributeTag attributeTagFor(DynamoDbAutoGeneratedUuid annotation) {
-        return AutoGeneratedUuidExtension.AttributeTags.autoGeneratedUuidAttribute();
+        return AutoGeneratedUuidExtension.AttributeTags.autoGeneratedUuidAttribute(annotation.strategy());
     }
 
-}
+}

services-custom/dynamodb-enhanced/src/test/java/software/amazon/awssdk/enhanced/dynamodb/UuidTestUtils.java

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License").
+ * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * A copy of the License is located at
+ *
+ *  http://aws.amazon.com/apache2.0
+ *
+ * or in the "license" file accompanying this file. This file is distributed
+ * on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either
+ * express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing
+ * permissions and limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package software.amazon.awssdk.enhanced.dynamodb;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+public final class UuidTestUtils {
+
+    private UuidTestUtils() {
+    }
+
+    public static boolean isValidUuid(String uuid) {
+        try {
+            UUID.fromString(uuid);
+            return true;
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}