[PM-15096] Add xchacha20-poly1305-blake3-ctx cipher

[quexten]

🎟️ Tracking

https://bitwarden.atlassian.net/browse/PM-15096

📔 Objective

Add a cryptofunction implementation for xchacha20-poly1305. Specifically, in order to prevent attacks making use of the lack of key-comitting, we implement ctx wrapping based on https://eprint.iacr.org/2022/1260.pdf using blake3, which creates a new mac that binds to all inputs (nonce, key, ad, ad tag), and by injectivity, also plaintext/ciphertext.

Note: There is no encstring implementation yet. The idea is for encstrings and for other protocols (IPC in rust?) to make use of this safe primitive.

Note: This is behind a compile-time feature flag for now.

⏰ Reminders before review

• Contributor guidelines followed
• All formatters and local linters executed and passed
• Written new unit and / or integration tests where applicable
• Protected functional changes with optionality (feature flags)
• Used internationalization (i18n) for all UI strings
• CI builds passed
• Communicated to DevOps any deployment requirements
• Updated any necessary documentation (Confluence, contributing docs) or informed the documentation
  team

🦮 Reviewer guidelines

• 👍 (:+1:) or similar for great changes
• 📝 (:memo:) or ℹ️ (:information_source:) for notes or general info
• ❓ (:question:) for questions
• 🤔 (:thinking:) or 💭 (:thought_balloon:) for more open inquiry that's not quite a confirmed
  issue and could potentially benefit from discussion
• 🎨 (:art:) for suggestions / improvements
• ❌ (:x:) or ⚠️ (:warning:) for more significant problems or concerns needing attention
• 🌱 (:seedling:) or ♻️ (:recycle:) for future improvements or indications of technical debt
• ⛏ (:pick:) for minor or nitpick changes

[github-actions]

Checkmarx One – Scan Summary & Details – 5d5e22a4-1959-4b04-b6bb-3b2f81beb799

No New Or Fixed Issues Found

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 65.66%. Comparing base (42e7f45) to head (54ac22c).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main      #41      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   65.27%   65.66%   +0.39%     
==========================================
  Files         180      181       +1     
  Lines       13833    13993     +160     
==========================================
+ Hits         9029     9189     +160     
  Misses       4804     4804              

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