Starting code for c++ backend of trees

pydatastructs/trees/_backend/cpp/binary_tree.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+#include <Python.h>
+#include <structmember.h>
+#include <iostream>
+
+// Define TreeNode struct.
+// Defines a C struct TreeNode that represents a node in the binary tree.
+// It contains pointers to data, left, and right.
+typedef struct {
+    PyObject_HEAD
+    PyObject* data;
+    PyObject* left;
+    PyObject* right;
+} TreeNode;
+
+// Define BinaryTree class.
+// Defines a C struct BinaryTree that represents the binary tree.
+// It contains members for root_idx, comparator, tree, size, and is_order_statistic.
+typedef struct {
+    PyObject_VAR_HEAD
+    PyObject* root_idx;
+    PyObject* comparator;
+    PyObject* tree;
+    PyObject* size;
+    PyObject* is_order_statistic;
+} BinaryTree;
+
+// Deallocation function for BinaryTree.
+// Defines a deallocation function for BinaryTree.
+// It releases the Python objects held by the BinaryTree instance and frees the memory.
+static void BinaryTree_dealloc(BinaryTree* self) {
+    Py_XDECREF(self->root_idx);
+    Py_XDECREF(self->comparator);
+    Py_XDECREF(self->tree);
+    Py_XDECREF(self->size);
+    Py_XDECREF(self->is_order_statistic);
+
+    Py_TYPE(self)->tp_free(reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(self));
+}
+
+// Object creation function for BinaryTree.
+// Defines a new object creation function for BinaryTree.
+// It allocates memory for a new instance, sets default values for members, and returns the new instance.
+static PyObject* BinaryTree_new(PyTypeObject* type, PyObject* args, PyObject* kwds) {
+    BinaryTree* self;
+    self = reinterpret_cast<BinaryTree*>(type->tp_alloc(type, 0));
+    if (self != NULL) {
+        self->root_idx = PyLong_FromLong(0);
+        self->comparator = Py_None;
+        self->tree = PyList_New(0);
+        self->size = PyLong_FromLong(0);
+        self->is_order_statistic = Py_False;
+    }
+    return reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(self);
+}
+
+// Initialization function for BinaryTree.
+// Defines an initialization function for BinaryTree.
+// This can be used to further initialize the object after creation if needed.
+static int BinaryTree_init(BinaryTree* self, PyObject* args, PyObject* kwds) {
+    // Implement initialization logic here
+    return 0;
+}
+
+// Insert method for BinaryTree.
+static PyObject* BinaryTree_insert(BinaryTree* self, PyObject* args) {
+    PyObject* key;
+    PyObject* data = NULL;
+
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O|O", &key, &data)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // Implement insert logic here
+
+    Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+// Delete method for BinaryTree
+static PyObject* BinaryTree_delete(BinaryTree* self, PyObject* args) {
+    PyObject* key;
+
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O", &key)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // Implement delete logic here
+
+    Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+// Search method for BinaryTree
+static PyObject* BinaryTree_search(BinaryTree* self, PyObject* args) {
+    PyObject* key;
+
+    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O", &key)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    // Implement search logic here
+
+    Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+// String representation method for BinaryTree
+static PyObject* BinaryTree_str(BinaryTree* self) {
+    // Implement __str__ logic here
+    return PyUnicode_FromString("BinaryTree Object");
+}
+
+// Method definitions for BinaryTree
+static PyMethodDef BinaryTree_methods[] = {
+    {"insert", (PyCFunction)BinaryTree_insert, METH_VARARGS, "Inserts data into the binary tree."},
+    {"delete", (PyCFunction)BinaryTree_delete, METH_VARARGS, "Deletes data from the binary tree."},
+    {"search", (PyCFunction)BinaryTree_search, METH_VARARGS, "Searches for data in the binary tree."},
+    {"__str__", (PyCFunction)BinaryTree_str, METH_NOARGS, "Returns the string representation of the binary tree."},
+    {NULL}
+};
+
+// Member definitions for BinaryTree
+static PyMemberDef BinaryTree_members[] = {
+    {"root_idx", T_OBJECT_EX, offsetof(BinaryTree, root_idx), 0, "Index of the root node"},
+    {"comparator", T_OBJECT_EX, offsetof(BinaryTree, comparator), 0, "Comparator function"},
+    {"tree", T_OBJECT_EX, offsetof(BinaryTree, tree), 0, "Binary tree structure"},
+    {"size", T_OBJECT_EX, offsetof(BinaryTree, size), 0, "Size of the tree"},
+    {"is_order_statistic", T_OBJECT_EX, offsetof(BinaryTree, is_order_statistic), 0, "Order statistic flag"},
+    {NULL}
+};
+
+// Type object for BinaryTree
+static PyTypeObject BinaryTreeType = {
+    PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
+    "BinaryTree",            /* tp_name */
+    sizeof(BinaryTree),      /* tp_basicsize */
+    0,                       /* tp_itemsize */
+    (destructor)BinaryTree_dealloc, /* tp_dealloc */
+    0,                       /* tp_print */
+    0,                       /* tp_getattr */
+    0,                       /* tp_setattr */
+    0,                       /* tp_reserved */
+    0,                       /* tp_repr */
+    0,                       /* tp_as_number */
+    0,                       /* tp_as_sequence */
+    0,                       /* tp_as_mapping */
+    0,                       /* tp_hash */
+    0,                       /* tp_call */
+    (reprfunc)BinaryTree_str, /* tp_str */
+    0,                       /* tp_getattro */
+    0,                       /* tp_setattro */
+    0,                       /* tp_as_buffer */
+    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,      /* tp_flags */
+    "BinaryTree objects",    /* tp_doc */
+    0,                       /* tp_traverse */
+    0,                       /* tp_clear */
+    0,                       /* tp_richcompare */
+    0,                       /* tp_weaklistoffset */
+    0,                       /* tp_iter */
+    0,                       /* tp_iternext */
+    BinaryTree_methods,      /* tp_methods */
+    BinaryTree_members,      /* tp_members */
+    0,                       /* tp_getset */
+    0,                       /* tp_base */
+    0,                       /* tp_dict */
+    0,                       /* tp_descr_get */
+    0,                       /* tp_descr_set */
+    0,                       /* tp_dictoffset */
+    (initproc)BinaryTree_init, /* tp_init */
+    0,                       /* tp_alloc */
+    BinaryTree_new,          /* tp_new */
+};
+
+// Module definition for the binarytree module
+static PyModuleDef binarytreemodule = {
+    PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
+    "binarytree",     // Module name
+    NULL,             // Module documentation
+    -1,
+    NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL
+};
+
+// Module initialization function
+PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_binarytree(void) {
+    PyObject* m;
+    if (PyType_Ready(&BinaryTreeType) < 0) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    m = PyModule_Create(&binarytreemodule);
+    if (m == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    Py_INCREF(&BinaryTreeType);
+    PyModule_AddObject(m, "BinaryTree", reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(&BinaryTreeType));
+
+    return m;
+}