feat(cipher): add Goldwasser-Micali probabilistic encryption (1982, first semantically-secure public-key scheme, origin of IND-CPA security)

[Aakif-Kohari]

Pull Request

Description

Adds a complete, step-instrumented visualizer for the Goldwasser-Micali cryptosystem (1982), the first provably semantically-secure public-key scheme. This implementation demonstrates its bit-by-bit probabilistic encryption and the quadratic residuosity problem underlying IND-CPA security.

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Related Issue

Closes #984

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Type of Change

• Bug Fix
• New Feature
• Documentation
• UI/UX Improvement
• Refactoring
• Performance Improvement
• Accessibility

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Changes Made

• Created lib/cipher/asymmetric/goldwasser-micali.ts with Jacobi symbol computation and residuosity testing
• Created tests/unit/asymmetric/goldwasser-micali.test.ts verifying probabilistic variation and round-trip
• Added goldwasser-micali to CipherName union in lib/cipher/types.ts
• Registered goldwasser-micali in lib/cipher/registry.ts
• Added lazy-import dispatch case in lib/workers/cipher.worker.ts

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Testing

• Tested locally
• No console errors
• Existing functionality works as expected

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Checklist

• My code follows the project guidelines.
• I have tested my changes.
• I have updated the documentation if required.
• My changes address the related issue.
• This PR focuses on a single issue.

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Additional Notes

Foundational to the semantic-security notion underlying Cramer-Shoup (a previous batch) and modern IND-CPA/IND-CCA definitions. Demonstrates the deliberate tradeoff of ciphertext expansion for probabilistic security.

Note

Please Merge after 03:15 PM IST (GMT +5:30) 11 August.
Please ensure PR has ECSoC26 Tag before merge.

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[Aakif-Kohari]

Note

Please Merge after 03:15 PM IST (GMT +5:30) 11 August.
Please ensure PR has ECSoC26 Tag before merge.