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Download and use Census TIGER/Line shapefiles in R

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tigris

R build status CRAN Badge CRAN Downloads License: MIT Project Status: Active – The project has reached a stable, usable state and is being actively developed.

{tigris} is an R package that allows users to directly download and use TIGER/Line shapefiles from the US Census Bureau. Find more background on this data in the TIGER/Line Shapefiles and TIGER/Line Files Technical Documentation.

Installation

To install the package from CRAN, issue the following command in R:

install.packages('tigris')

Or, get the development version from GitHub:

# install.packages("devtools")
devtools::install_github('walkerke/tigris')

Usage

tigris functions return simple features objects with a default year of 2022. To get started, load the library:

library(tigris)
#> To enable caching of data, set `options(tigris_use_cache = TRUE)`
#> in your R script or .Rprofile.
library(ggplot2)

options(tigris_use_cache = TRUE)

Then choose a function from the table below and use it with a state and/or county if required. You’ll get back an sf object for use in your mapping and spatial analysis projects:

manhattan_roads <- roads("NY", "New York", progress_bar = FALSE)
#> Retrieving data for the year 2022

ggplot(manhattan_roads) + 
  geom_sf(linewidth = 0.25) + 
  theme_void()

tigris returns feature geometries for US Census data which default to the coordinate reference system NAD 1983 (EPSG: 4269). This output coordinate reference system can be changed by passing a crs parameter to any function.

For US Census demographic data (optionally pre-joined to tigris geometries), try the tidycensus package. For help deciding on an appropriate coordinate reference system for your project, take a look at the crsuggest package.

To learn more about how to use tigris, read Chapter 5 of the book Analyzing US Census Data: Methods, Maps, and Models in R.

Python users may also be interested in pygris, a Python port of the tigris package.

Data

Please note: cartographic boundary files in tigris are not available for 2011 and 2012.

Function Datasets available Years available
nation() cartographic (1:5m; 1:20m) 2013-2022
divisions() cartographic (1:500k; 1:5m; 1:20m) 2013-2022
regions() cartographic (1:500k; 1:5m; 1:20m) 2013-2022
states() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k; 1:5m; 1:20m) 1990, 2000, 2010-2022
counties() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k; 1:5m; 1:20m) 1990, 2000, 2010-2022
tracts() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k) 1990, 2000, 2010-2022
block_groups() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k) 1990, 2000, 2010-2022
blocks() TIGER/Line 2000, 2010-2022
places() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k) 2000, 2010-2022
pumas() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k) 2012-2022
school_districts() TIGER/Line; cartographic 2011-2022
zctas() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k) 2000, 2010, 2012-2022
congressional_districts() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k; 1:5m; 1:20m) 2011-2023
state_legislative_districts() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k) 2011-2022
voting_districts() TIGER/Line 2012, 2020
area_water() TIGER/Line 2010-2022
linear_water() TIGER/Line 2010-2022
coastline TIGER/Line 2013-2022
core_based_statistical_areas() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k; 1:5m; 1:20m) 2011-2022
combined_statistical_areas() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k; 1:5m; 1:20m) 2011-2022
metro_divisions() TIGER/Line 2011-2022
new_england() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k) 2011-2022
county_subdivisions() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k) 2010-2022
urban_areas() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k) 2012-2022
primary_roads() TIGER/Line 2010-2022
primary_secondary_roads() TIGER/Line 2010-2022
roads() TIGER/Line 2010-2022
rails() TIGER/Line 2010-2022
native_areas() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k) 2000, 2010-2022
alaska_native_regional_corporations() TIGER/Line; cartographic (1:500k) 2000, 2010-2022
tribal_block_groups() TIGER/Line 2010-2022
tribal_census_tracts() TIGER/Line 2010-2022
tribal_subdivisions_national() TIGER/Line 2000, 2010-2022
landmarks() TIGER/Line 2010-2022
military() TIGER/Line 2010-2022

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