Solve LeetCode #2558 'Take Gifts From the Richest Pile' [Easy].

LeetCode/src/LeetCode.Challenges/Problems25xx/N_2558_TakeGiftsFromTheRichestPile/BruteForceSolution.cs

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+namespace LeetCode.Challenges.Problems25xx.N_2558_TakeGiftsFromTheRichestPile;
+
+public static class BruteForceSolution
+{
+    public static long PickGifts(int[] gifts, int k)
+    {
+        var maxIndex = gifts.Length - 1;
+        for (var i = 1; i <= k; i++)
+        {
+            Array.Sort(gifts);
+            gifts[maxIndex] = (int)Math.Sqrt(gifts[maxIndex]);
+        }
+
+        return gifts.Select(x => (long)x).Sum();
+    }
+}

LeetCode/src/LeetCode.Challenges/Problems25xx/N_2558_TakeGiftsFromTheRichestPile/_Description.md

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+# Take Gifts From the Richest Pile (#2558)
+
+You are given an integer array `gifts` denoting the number of gifts in various piles
+and `k` seconds. Every second, you do the following:
+
+- Choose the pile with the maximum number of `gifts`.
+- If there is more than one pile with the maximum number of `gifts`, choose any.
+- Leave behind the floor of the square root of the number of `gifts` in the pile. Take the rest of the `gifts`.
+- Return the number of `gifts` remaining after `k` seconds.
+
+## Examples:
+
+### Example 1:
+
+Input: `gifts = [25,64,9,4,100]`, `k = 4`  
+Output: `29`  
+
+Explanation:  
+
+The gifts are taken in the following way:
+
+- In the first second, the last pile is chosen and 10 gifts are left behind.
+- Then the second pile is chosen and 8 gifts are left behind.
+- After that the first pile is chosen and 5 gifts are left behind.
+- Finally, the last pile is chosen again and 3 gifts are left behind.
+
+The final remaining gifts are `[5,8,9,4,3]`, so the total number of gifts remaining is `29`.
+
+### Example 2:
+
+Input: `gifts = [1,1,1,1]`, `k = 4`  
+Output: `4`  
+
+Explanation:
+
+- In this case, regardless which pile you choose, you have to leave behind 1 gift in each pile.
+- That is, you can't take any pile with you.
+
+So, the total gifts remaining are 4.
+
+## Constraints
+
+- `1 <= gifts.length <= 10^3`
+- `1 <= gifts[i] <= 10^9`
+- `1 <= k <= 10^3`
+
+## Hints:
+
+- Hint 0: The final result might be `long`.
+- Hint 1: How can you keep track of the largest gifts in the array
+- Hint 2: What is an efficient way to find the square root of a number?
+- Hint 3: Can you keep adding up the values of the gifts while ensuring they are in a certain order?
+- Hint 4 : Can we use a priority queue or heap here?
+

LeetCode/tests/LeetCode.Challenges.UnitTests/Problems25xx/N_2558_TakeGiftsFromTheRichestPile/BruteForceSolutionTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+using LeetCode.Challenges.Problems25xx.N_2558_TakeGiftsFromTheRichestPile;
+using Shouldly;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace LeetCode.Challenges.UnitTests.Problems25xx.N_2558_TakeGiftsFromTheRichestPile;
+
+public class BruteForceSolutionTests
+{
+    [Theory]
+    [ClassData(typeof(TestData))]
+    public void GivenGifts_WhenMinPickGifts_ThenResultAsExpected(int[] numbers, int k, long expectedResult)
+    {
+        BruteForceSolution.PickGifts(numbers, k).ShouldBe(expectedResult);
+    }
+}

LeetCode/tests/LeetCode.Challenges.UnitTests/Problems25xx/N_2558_TakeGiftsFromTheRichestPile/TestData.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+using System.Collections;
+
+namespace LeetCode.Challenges.UnitTests.Problems25xx.N_2558_TakeGiftsFromTheRichestPile;
+
+public class TestData : IEnumerable<object[]>
+{
+    public IEnumerator<object[]> GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        yield return [new[] { 25, 64, 9, 4, 100 }, 4, 29];
+        yield return [new[] { 1, 1, 1, 1 }, 4, 4];
+        yield return [new[] { 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1 }, 1000, 7];
+        yield return [new[] { 11, 41, 66, 63, 14, 39, 70, 58, 12, 71 }, 20, 17];
+        yield return
+        [
+            new[] { 64, 43, 32, 42, 9, 25, 73, 29, 56, 41, 27, 71, 62, 57, 67, 34, 8, 71, 2, 12, 52, 1, 31 },
+            51, 33
+        ];
+        yield return
+        [
+            new[] { 70, 51, 68, 36, 67, 31, 28, 54, 41, 74, 31, 38, 24, 25, 24, 5, 34, 61, 9, 12, 17, 20, 5, 11, 75 },
+            18, 191
+        ];
+        yield return
+        [
+            new[] { 12, 34, 9, 29, 10, 39, 45, 56, 24, 8, 65, 48, 15, 5, 3, 25, 24, 16, 62, 27, 8, 3, 70, 55, 13, 60 },
+            3, 591
+        ];
+        yield return
+        [
+            new[]
+            {
+                5, 52, 73, 54, 6, 22, 58, 9, 34, 21, 58, 68, 63, 72, 1, 5, 64, 42, 37, 46, 17, 40, 50, 54, 11, 1, 25,
+                43, 21, 31, 29, 58, 49, 73, 54, 40, 60, 7, 54, 25
+            },
+            37, 214
+        ];
+        yield return
+        [
+            new[]
+            {
+                8, 21, 21, 44, 68, 33, 16, 57, 23, 2, 61, 53, 73, 66, 40, 46, 50, 33, 20, 72, 2, 59, 11, 43, 6, 70, 13,
+                51, 26, 34, 46, 61, 73, 22, 27, 36, 18, 31, 62
+            },
+            24, 396
+        ];
+        yield return
+        [
+            new[]
+            {
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+            },
+            600, 36685293358
+        ];
+    }
+
+    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => this.GetEnumerator();
+}