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Revert "🔧 add internal links"
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gabrieldansereau committed Dec 6, 2024
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Expand Up @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ structure, and to derive network indicators that can be used to inform decisions
and planning (Boxes [2][Box2]-[3][Box3]). As new empirical data becomes
available, these predictions can be evaluated, refined, and become more
informative [@Johnson2023FieVal]. We discuss the challenges surrounding their
validation in our [Concluding Remarks].
validation in our Concluding Remarks.

### Network Responses to Environmental Change {-}

Expand All @@ -194,8 +194,8 @@ versus prey switching and behavioural adaptation, and how these changes will
propagate across trophic levels.

While data gaps exist, modelling and inference can explore the limits of network
rewiring under current or future conditions (Box [3][Box3]). Rewiring potential
is likely captured in existing and inferred metawebs
rewiring under current or future conditions (Box 3). Rewiring potential is
likely captured in existing and inferred metawebs
[@Morales-Castilla2015InfBioa], which can be combined with simulations to
anticipate network changes. For instance, Dansereau et al.’s
[@Dansereau2024SpaExp] approach can be extended to explore climate change
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -269,17 +269,17 @@ buffer against extinctions and fluctuations in mutualistic networks, this is
less clear in antagonistic networks [@Tylianakis2010ConSpe]. Connectance has
also been tied in contrasting ways to network stability [e.g., higher
connectance leading to increases or decreases of invasion success rates given
invader trophic levels, @Baiser2010ConDet;\ higher connectance linked to higher
invader trophic levels, @Baiser2010ConDet; higher connectance linked to higher
robustness to extinction, but larger extinction cascades, @Romanuk2017ChaFiv].

Not all network metrics are suitable as conservation indicators, nor do they
need to be. Several have been reviewed for their relevance and limitations in
achieving conservation goals (Louise O'Connor, PhD thesis, Université Grenoble
Alpes, 2022^[i][Resources]^; see Table 1 therein). For example, prioritising
trophic networks with stabilising motifs when selecting protected areas can help
achieve ecological resilience goals^[i][Resources]^. This information can
already be used towards conservation planning but it needs to be both accepted
by and available to decision-makers and managers.
Alpes, 2022^i^; see Table 1 therein). For example, prioritising trophic networks
with stabilising motifs when selecting protected areas can help achieve
ecological resilience goals^i^. This information can already be used towards
conservation planning but it needs to be both accepted by and available to
decision-makers and managers.

First, metrics must meet decision-makers' criteria. The ROARS (being Relevant,
Objective, Available, Realistic, Specific) and SMART (Specific, Measurable,
Expand All @@ -288,11 +288,10 @@ therein] focus on the decision-makers’ receptiveness to suggested indicators
during the selection, paving a way to communicate network information with
stakeholders and embed network indicators in ecological monitoring and ecosystem
health assessments. Network indicators will then need to be evaluated in terms
of usefulness to achieve conservation goals [as in O'Connor,
2022^[i][Resources]^] and decision-maker receptiveness [as in @Fath2019EcoNet],
as we move towards developing ecosystem management and monitoring frameworks
that quantitatively and explicitly embed network indicators (see example in Box
[2][Box2]).
of usefulness to achieve conservation goals [as in O'Connor, 2022^i^] and
decision-maker receptiveness [as in @Fath2019EcoNet], as we move towards
developing ecosystem management and monitoring frameworks that quantitatively
and explicitly embed network indicators (see example in Box [2][Box2]).

Second, network ecologists have the opportunity to expand their focus from the
development of mathematical tools, theory and theoretical validation to
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -417,7 +416,7 @@ targets [@Polasky2011DecGre].
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | | |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Available | Data should be readily available or reasonably measurable | At the regional scales, available metawebs [e.g., @Maiorano2020TetSpe; @Frelat2022FooWeb] can be combined with species range data (e.g., IUCN^[ii][Resources]^ and GBIF^[iii][Resources]^) and scenarios of change to assess robustness (see Box [3][Box3]). |
| Available | Data should be readily available or reasonably measurable | At the regional scales, available metawebs [e.g., @Maiorano2020TetSpe; @Frelat2022FooWeb] can be combined with species range data (e.g., IUCN^ii^ and GBIF^iii^) and scenarios of change to assess robustness (see Box [3][Box3]). |
| | | |
| | | Sub-regional/local scale assessments are possible in locations with monitoring data [e.g., @Bonnaffe2021ComSiza; @Danet2021SpeRic]. |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -542,7 +541,7 @@ targets [@Polasky2011DecGre].
> positions than primarily extinct species (‘Pri.’ bands). See supplemental
> information online for more detail. Data and analyses for this figure were
> adapted from Ceres Barros, PhD thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes,
> 2017^[iv][Resources]^.](figures/Fig2.png){#fig:2}
> 2017^iv^.](figures/Fig2.png){#fig:2}
# Concluding remarks

Expand All @@ -567,8 +566,8 @@ and other limitations (i.e., data, uncertainty, and interpretability
challenges), we believe the field is sufficiently mature to make recommendations
for ecosystem management and conservation as these programs are implemented.

We envision five important aspects for future directions (see also [Outstanding
Questions]). First, there should be developments addressing evaluation,
We envision five important aspects for future directions (see also Outstanding
Questions). First, there should be developments addressing evaluation,
propagation, and communication of uncertainty in network structure and metrics.
It will be key to a) integrate uncertainty robustly into management frameworks
and move towards more transparent and informed decisions, but also to b) use
Expand Down

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