This is a soil monitoring device, based on the esp12e microcontroller. Using its built in WiFi functionality is able to broadcast data online. The device measures Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), temperature, humidity, and pH levels in the soil. It includes MPPT solar charging and supports both RS485 and I2C communication protocols. The device configuration can be modified via WiFi.
- WiFi Functionality: Allows the device to broadcast data online into a platform of choice via mqtt and http, by using macro flags in the ini file.
- Smart Battery Saving: Utilizes MOSFETs to control power to various components, ensuring efficient power usage.
- RS485 and I2C Support: Can communicate with various sensors and modules on the market using RS485 and I2C protocols.
- Configurable via WiFi: Modify device settings and configurations over a WiFi connection.
- Multiple Sensor Support: Measures NPK, temperature, humidity, and pH levels.
- Expandable: Supports additional I2C and RS485 sensors and modules.
- ESP8266 Microcontroller: Manages system operations, sensor interfacing, and data logging.
- Adafruit BME680: Internal sensor for measuring air quality values. Fits into the standard strain relief connector thread.
- RS485 Sensors: Can connect up to 5 sensors to measure a variety of soil and water values.
- PCF8574: I2C GPIO expander for additional GPIO control.
Detailed schematics of the device hardware.
Custom PCB V2.
Soil-monitoring device V2.
Soil-monitoring device V1.
- Deployment: Install the device in the soil, ensuring sensors are positioned at the appropriate depth for accurate nutrient measurements. For NPK sensors, this typically means placing them 10 to 30 centimeters (4 to 12 inches) below the soil surface, which aligns with the root zone of most crops. Proper installation involves preparing the soil to minimize air pockets and ensuring good contact between the sensor and the surrounding soil. To avoid inaccuracies caused by surface liquid tension during rainfall, ensure that the sensors are not too close to the surface where they might be affected by water runoff. Regular calibration and maintenance of the sensors are crucial for maintaining measurement accuracy over time.
- Operation: The system continuously samples sensor data and broadcasts it online. It can be configured to save power by turning off sensors when not in use.
- Analysis: Use the broadcasted data to monitor soil health and make informed decisions about soil management. Use conventional data analysis techniques to assess NPK content. Te current sensors implements the conductivity method for dry soils.
- Maintenance: Periodically check and maintain the system to ensure accurate monitoring and functionality.
This project is released under the MIT License.
Josep Navarro, UVERD ltd
- Adafruit Industries for the MPU6050 library.
- ESP32 Arduino Core developers for the development tools and libraries.