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README.md

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-# LatinS
+# Designing Latin S
+
+With [Latin S](https://github.com/koeberlin/Latin-Character-Sets) I proposed a new standard Latin character set that supports more than the European languages.
+Some of the additional characters might be unknown to type designers though, so here’s a closer look.
+
+## Overview
+Additional characters to the common practice are marked green (currency symbols yellow, and the red ones might be omitted):
+
+![LatinS glyph set overview](img/LatinS.png)
+
+That makes about 80 additional glyphs – which serve more than 200 million addiotional speakers!
+
+![LatinS, additional characters](img/LatinS_additionalChars.png)
+
+The example images below show the glyphs as sans serif ([Pangea Text](https://fontwerk.com/fonts/pangea-text)) and serif ([Brill](https://brill.com/page/BrillFont/brill-typeface)) designs.
+
+## ◌̣
+![dotbelowcomb](img/01_dotbelowcomb.png)
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| ̣ | 0323 | dotbelowcomb |
+
+Ok, let’s start with an accent. You probably already have ◌̇ ([/dotaccentcomb](https://codepoints.net/U+0307)), so you just need to duplicate it and move the outline below the baseline.
+
+## ẠḄḌẸḤỊṆỌṢỤẒ ạḅḍẹḥịṇọṣụẓ
+![Composite letters with dot below](img/02_dotbelow_Composites.png)
+
+<details><summary>Show character table</summary>
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ạ | 1EA0 | uni1EA0 |
+| Ḅ | 1E04 | uni1E04 |
+| Ḍ | 1E0C | uni1E0C |
+| Ẹ | 1EB8 | uni1EB8 |
+| Ḥ | 1E24 | uni1E24 |
+| Ị | 1ECA | uni1ECA |
+| Ṇ | 1E46 | uni1E46 |
+| Ọ | 1ECC | uni1ECC |
+| Ṣ | 1E62 | uni1E62 |
+| Ụ | 1EE4 | uni1EE4 |
+| Ẓ | 1E92 | uni1E92 |
+| ạ | 1EA1 | uni1EA1 |
+| ḅ | 1E05 | uni1E05 |
+| ḍ | 1E0D | uni1E0D |
+| ẹ | 1EB9 | uni1EB9 |
+| ḥ | 1E25 | uni1E25 |
+| ị | 1ECB | uni1ECB |
+| ṇ | 1E47 | uni1E47 |
+| ọ | 1ECD | uni1ECD |
+| ṣ | 1E63 | uni1E63 |
+| ụ | 1EE5 | uni1EE5 |
+| ẓ | 1E93 | uni1E93 |
+
+</details>
+
+Now you can easily create these ones!
+
+## ǍẼḠǦḦǏṄǑṖǓẌỲỸȲ/Jacute ǎẽḡǧḧǐṅǒṗǔẍỳỹȳ/jacute
+![Composite letters with several different accents](img/03_Composites.png)
+
+<details><summary>Show character table</summary>
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ǎ | 01CD | uni01CD |
+| Ẽ | 1EBC | uni1EBC |
+| Ḡ | 1E20 | uni1E20 |
+| Ǧ | 01E6 | Gcaron |
+| Ḧ | 1E26 | uni1E26 |
+| Ǐ | 01CF | uni01CF |
+| Ṅ | 1E44 | uni1E44 |
+| Ǒ | 01D1 | uni01D1 |
+| Ṗ | 1E56 | uni1E56 |
+| Ǔ | 01D3 | uni01D3 |
+| Ẍ | 1E8C | uni1E8C |
+| Ỳ | 1EF2 | Ygrave |
+| Ỹ | 1EF8 | uni1EF8 |
+| Ȳ | 0232 | uni0232 |
+|  | None | J.latnNLD |
+| ǎ | 01CE | uni01CE |
+| ẽ | 1EBD | uni1EBD |
+| ḡ | 1E21 | uni1E21 |
+| ǧ | 01E7 | gcaron |
+| ḧ | 1E27 | uni1E27 |
+| ǐ | 01D0 | uni01D0 |
+| ṅ | 1E45 | uni1E45 |
+| ǒ | 01D2 | uni01D2 |
+| ṗ | 1E57 | uni1E57 |
+| ǔ | 01D4 | uni01D4 |
+| ẍ | 1E8D | uni1E8D |
+| ỳ | 1EF3 | ygrave |
+| ỹ | 1EF9 | uni1EF9 |
+| ȳ | 0233 | uni0233 |
+|  | None | j.latnNLD |
+</details>
+
+You already have all the base letters, you already have the accents, now compose these!
+
+## ʼʻ
+![Quotes](img/04_quotes.png)
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| ʼ | 02BC | uni02BC |
+| ʻ | 02BB | uni02BB |
+
+Just duplicate /quoteleft/quoteright – done! 
+
+Congrats, you already completed more than 60% of the additional glyphs! 🎉
+
+## Ɲɲ
+![N with hook](img/05_Nhook.png)
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ɲ | 019D | uni019D |
+| ɲ | 0272 | uni0272 |
+
+If your /N and /J are ready, just combine those two.
+
+## Ʌʌ
+![Turned V](img/06_turnedV.png)
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ʌ | 0245 | uni0245 |
+| ʌ | 028C | uni028C |
+
+
+You aready have these glyphs, only turned. 🙃
+
+## Ɔɔ
+![Open O](img/07_openO.png)
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ɔ | 0186 | uni0186 |
+| ɔ | 0254 | uni0254 |
+
+Turning /C and /c might do the trick here, too!
+
+## Ɛɛ
+![Open E](img/08_openE.png)
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ɛ | 0190 | uni0190 |
+| ɛ | 025B | uni025B |
+
+
+Numeral 3 might be a good starting point for these, or you re-use the Cyrillic letters Зз ([/Ze](https://codepoints.net/U+0417) [/ze](https://codepoints.net/U+0437)) or the Greek ε ([/epsilon](https://codepoints.net/U+03B5))
+
+## Ǝǝ
+![Reversed E](img/09_Ereversed.png)
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ǝ | 018E | uni018E |
+| ǝ | 01DD | uni01DD |
+
+Mirroring /E and turning /e will probably all you need to do about these two!
+
+## Ɨɨ
+![i with stroke](img/10_istroke.png)
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ɨ | 0197 | uni0197 |
+| ɨ | 0268 | uni0268 |
+
+Just add strokes to /I and /i. Maybe have a look at your [/Eth](https://codepoints.net/U+00D0) and [/dcroat](https://codepoints.net/U+0111).
+
+## ƁƊƘƳ ɓɗƙƴ
+![Letters with hooks](img/11_hooks.png)
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ɓ | 0181 | uni0181 |
+| Ɗ | 018A | uni018A |
+| Ƙ | 0198 | uni0198 |
+| Ɲ | 019D | uni019D |
+| Ƴ | 01B3 | uni01B3 |
+| ɓ | 0253 | uni0253 |
+| ɗ | 0257 | uni0257 |
+| ƙ | 0199 | uni0199 |
+| ɲ | 0272 | uni0272 |
+| ƴ | 01B4 | uni01B4 |
+
+Now for some curls, and you’re nearly done!
+
+## ẞƏə
+
+![Uppercase Eszett & Schwa](img/00_Germandbls_Schwa.png)
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| ẞ | 1E9E | uni1E9E |
+| Ə | 018F | uni018F |
+| ə | 0259 | uni0259 |
+
+Uppercase Eszett and the Latin Schwas are already included in many fonts but I added them for the sake of completeness.
+
+ə is a mirrored /e, the uppercase variant is basically the same, only scaled. If you already designed the Cyrillic [Ә](https://codepoints.net/U+04D8) & [ә](https://codepoints.net/U+04D9): They’re identical.
+
+On Typefacts I wrote some more about the [German Capital Letter Eszett](https://typefacts.com/en/blog/the-german-capital-letter-eszett).
+
+
+## Ŋ
+![Eng shapes](img/12_Eng.png)
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ŋ | 014A | Eng |
+
+There are two shape variants for the uppercase /Eng: One preferred in Sami languages (based on the uppercase /N) and one preferred in Afrikan languages (looking like the lowercase /n).
+(Brill even has three different shapes, see image)
+
+I’d recommend the latter one as default since it is used by many more speakers than the Sami shape. 
+
+You might want to draw both shapes thought and substitute them in the `locl`
+feature, see [Latin Character Sets > Eng](https://github.com/koeberlin/Latin-Character-Sets#eng-%C5%8B).
+
+## Ŀŀ
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ŀ | 013F | Ldot |
+| ŀ | 0140 | ldot |
+
+These only occur in Catalan in the combinations /L/periodcentered/L and /l/periodcentered/l. I recommend using unencoded glyphs instead, in combination with the `locl` feature, see [Latin Character Sets > L_periodcentered.latnCAT](https://github.com/koeberlin/Latin-Character-Sets#l_periodcenteredlatncatl_periodcenteredlatncat).
+
+## ₵₡₲₺₼₦
+![Currency symbols](img/13_currency.png)
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| ₵ | 20B5 | uni20B5 |
+| ₡ | 20A1 | colonmonetary |
+| ₲ | 20B2 | uni20B2 |
+| ₺ | 20BA | uni20BA |
+| ₼ | 20BC | uni20BC |
+| ₦ | 20A6 | uni20A6 |
+
+
+If your font supports certain languages, you might consider also supporting the  currency symbols of the countries where they are spoken:
+
+* ₵: Cedi (Ghana)
+* ₡: Colón (Costa Rica)
+* ₲: Guaraní (Paraguay)
+* ₺:  Lira (Turkey)
+* ₼: Manat (Azerbaijan)
+* ₦: Naira (Nigeria)
+
+## IJijŦŧĸʼnſ
+
+| Char | Unicode | AGLFN name | 
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| IJ | 0132 | IJ |
+| ij | 0133 | ij |
+| Ŧ | 0166 | Tbar |
+| ŧ | 0167 | tbar |
+| ĸ | 0138 | kgreenlandic |
+| ʼn | 0149 | napostrophe |
+| ſ | 017F | longs |
+
+You won’t necessarily need these glyphs from Unicode range Latin Extended A.
+
+* IJ, ij: If you want to draw these ligatures, I recommend using unencoded glyphs in combination with OpenType features
+* Ŧ, ŧ are needed for Sami languages only (≈25,000 speakers)
+* ĸ is deprecated
+* ʼn is deprecated
+* ſ is an historical form