Fixes #258: Support colon indexing in function calls in generators

[jsphchoi]

Fixes #258 z[:,i,k] previously returns MethodError: -(::Colon, ::Int64). Colon : now expands to a tuple of the entries along that dimension, so it can be splatted (f(z[:,i,k]...)) or passed whole (g(z[:,i,k])) when used as function inputs in a generator

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 55.86%. Comparing base (6f15038) to head (9ee26dd).
⚠️ Report is 44 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #289       +/-   ##
===========================================
- Coverage   80.80%   55.86%   -24.94%     
===========================================
  Files          20       25        +5     
  Lines        2021     4015     +1994     
===========================================
+ Hits         1633     2243      +610     
- Misses        388     1772     +1384     

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[github-actions]

Benchmark Results

Relative timing: current / main  (values < 1.0 are improvements)

================================================================================
  backend-instance-param          |      obj     cons     grad      jac     hess
================================================================================
  CUDA-OPF-case1354               |    1.005    1.029    1.007    1.045    1.027
  CUDA-OPF-case14                 |    0.998    1.014    1.008    1.035    1.003
  CUDA-OPF-case30000              |    1.005    1.014    1.004    1.044    1.021
  CUDA-chain-10                   |    1.005    1.003    1.003    0.981    1.000
  CUDA-chain-100                  |    1.003    1.015    1.012    0.995    0.994
  CUDA-chain-1000                 |    1.014    1.010    1.008    0.988    0.994
  CUDA-elec-10                    |    1.003    0.992    0.986    1.014    1.022
  CUDA-elec-100                   |    1.015    0.992    0.986    1.007    1.014
  CUDA-elec-1000                  |    1.011    0.994   33.189    1.013    0.101
  CUDA-rosenrock-1000             |    0.987    1.004    1.010    0.992    0.990
  CUDA-rosenrock-10000            |    1.001    1.024    1.008    1.002    1.000
  CUDA-rosenrock-100000           |    0.993    1.031    1.011    1.000    1.007
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  AMDGPU-OPF-case1354             |    0.552    0.916    0.887    0.910    0.946
  AMDGPU-OPF-case14               |    0.930    1.012    1.057    0.904    0.903
  AMDGPU-OPF-case30000            |    0.592    0.905    0.910    0.870    0.912
  AMDGPU-chain-10                 |    0.900    0.926    0.999    0.843    0.992
  AMDGPU-chain-100                |    0.999    1.004    0.983    1.002    1.029
  AMDGPU-chain-1000               |    0.947    1.024    0.960    0.929    0.949
  AMDGPU-elec-10                  |    0.871    0.825    0.878    0.832    0.809
  AMDGPU-elec-100                 |    1.041    0.794    0.850    0.867    0.833
  AMDGPU-elec-1000                |    0.970    0.851    0.989    0.845    0.894
  AMDGPU-rosenrock-1000           |    0.674    0.839    0.849    0.861    0.849
  AMDGPU-rosenrock-10000          |    0.571    0.807    0.830    0.822    0.844
  AMDGPU-rosenrock-100000         |    0.956    0.966    0.984    0.982    1.027
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  oneAPI-OPF-case1354             |    1.004    0.981    1.015    0.998    0.993
  oneAPI-OPF-case14               |    0.973    1.097    1.076    1.042    1.075
  oneAPI-OPF-case30000            |    0.986    0.988    0.972    0.995    0.994
  oneAPI-chain-10                 |    1.008    0.995    0.986    1.020    1.020
  oneAPI-chain-100                |    1.033    0.996    1.009    1.023    1.034
  oneAPI-chain-1000               |    1.054    1.015    0.964    1.021    1.022
  oneAPI-elec-10                  |    0.990    1.006    1.001    0.959    1.012
  oneAPI-elec-100                 |    0.976    1.018    1.030    0.957    1.013
  oneAPI-elec-1000                |    1.003    1.003    1.001    1.007    1.013
  oneAPI-rosenrock-1000           |    0.925    1.063    0.966    0.948    0.912
  oneAPI-rosenrock-10000          |    1.006    1.041    0.968    0.895    0.901
  oneAPI-rosenrock-100000         |    1.022    0.996    1.027    0.953    0.895
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  nothing-OPF-case1354            |    0.938    1.151    1.010    0.991    0.741
  nothing-OPF-case14              |    1.029    0.998    1.004    1.058    1.005
  nothing-OPF-case30000           |    0.994    0.994    0.924    0.986    1.004
  nothing-chain-10                |    1.703    1.005    1.001    0.987    1.002
  nothing-chain-100               |    1.783    1.005    0.998    0.922    1.002
  nothing-chain-1000              |    1.823    0.996    0.993    0.914    1.190
  nothing-elec-10                 |    1.020    0.957    0.992    1.008    0.993
  nothing-elec-100                |    1.000    1.011    0.994    0.991    0.995
  nothing-elec-1000               |    0.999    0.854    0.997    0.999    1.000
  nothing-rosenrock-1000          |    1.009    1.119    1.436    0.995    0.823
  nothing-rosenrock-10000         |    0.997    1.001    1.076    0.999    1.423
  nothing-rosenrock-100000        |    1.001    1.012    1.046    0.995    0.996
================================================================================