Implement comprehensive security improvements for ORRIS application

[Copilot]

This PR addresses security vulnerabilities and implements comprehensive security enhancements across the ORRIS application, significantly improving the overall security posture.

🔒 Security Improvements Overview

Enhanced Password Security

• Increased minimum password length from 8 to 12 characters to meet modern security standards
• Added weak pattern detection to prevent sequential characters (abcd, 1234), repeated characters (aaaa), and keyboard patterns (qwertyuiop)
• Implemented common password blocking to prevent use of easily guessable passwords like "Password123", "Welcome123"
• Added maximum length validation (128 chars) to prevent DoS attacks

Strengthened JWT Token Security

• Replaced SHA256 with PBKDF2 for token hashing with salt and 100,000 iterations
• Enhanced JWT claims with jti (JWT ID), nbf (not before), and proper timestamps
• Added CSRF token generation and validation with timing-safe comparison
• Implemented secure token verification to prevent timing attacks

Comprehensive Rate Limiting & Account Protection

• IP-based rate limiting with configurable thresholds (5 attempts per 15 minutes)
• Account lockout mechanism after 5 failed login attempts for 30 minutes
• IP blocking for suspicious activity with automatic expiration
• Enhanced login protection with progressive security measures

Advanced Input Validation & Sanitization

• Enhanced input sanitization removing dangerous characters, HTML/script tags, and control characters
• Comprehensive email validation with proper regex patterns
• RAG query protection with expanded injection detection patterns including:
  • Prompt injection attempts ("ignore instructions", "act as", "system prompt")
  • Code execution attempts (javascript:, data:, script tags)
  • System command filtering

Security Headers & Middleware

• Comprehensive security headers including CSP, HSTS, X-Frame-Options, X-XSS-Protection
• Rate limiting middleware with proper headers and client IP detection
• Login protection middleware for auth endpoints
• HTTPS enforcement and secure cookie settings

Configuration Security

• Security configuration validation detecting insecure defaults and weak keys
• Environment-specific checks with production security requirements
• Automatic security recommendations and warnings
• Secure secret generation utilities

📁 Files Added/Modified

New Security Infrastructure

• backend/app/core/security.py - Enhanced with 9 new security methods
• backend/app/middleware/security.py - New comprehensive security middleware
• backend/app/core/security_config.py - Security configuration validation
• backend/tests/test_security.py - 16 comprehensive security tests
• SECURITY.md - Complete security documentation and best practices

Enhanced Existing Files

• backend/app/controllers/auth_controller.py - Integrated rate limiting and account lockout
• backend/app/rag/pipeline/retrieval_pipeline.py - Enhanced query sanitization

Documentation & Examples

• backend/app/examples/security_integration.py - Integration examples
• Complete security documentation with deployment guidelines

🧪 Testing

All security features are thoroughly tested with 16 comprehensive test cases covering:

• Password strength validation and pattern detection
• Token security and CSRF protection
• Rate limiting and account lockout mechanisms
• Input sanitization and email validation
• Security configuration validation

# Run security tests
python -m pytest tests/test_security.py -v
# Result: 16 passed, 0 failed

🛡️ Security Impact

Before

• Basic 8-character password requirements
• Simple SHA256 token hashing
• No rate limiting implementation
• Basic input sanitization
• Missing security headers
• No account lockout protection

After

• Enterprise-grade password security (12+ chars, pattern detection, common password blocking)
• PBKDF2 token hashing with salt and 100k iterations
• Comprehensive rate limiting and IP blocking
• Advanced input sanitization and injection protection
• Full security headers with CSP and HSTS
• Account lockout and progressive security measures

🚀 Deployment Considerations

The implementation is backward compatible and includes:

• Environment variable validation for production
• Configurable security thresholds
• Graceful degradation for development environments
• Comprehensive logging for security events

📋 Security Checklist

• ✅ All default secrets must be changed for production
• ✅ HTTPS enforcement configured
• ✅ Security headers implemented
• ✅ Rate limiting enabled
• ✅ Input validation comprehensive
• ✅ Audit logging configured
• ✅ All security tests passing
• ✅ Documentation complete

This PR transforms the ORRIS application from basic security to enterprise-grade protection, addressing modern security threats while maintaining usability and performance.

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