Feat/express graceful shutdown #16156
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PR Checklist
Please check if your PR fulfills the following requirements:
PR Type
What kind of change does this PR introduce?
What is the current behavior?
Currently, when an application shuts down:
By default, the server stops accepting new connections but keeps existing keep-alive connections open indefinitely, potentially hanging the shutdown process (e.g., preventing a Kubernetes pod from terminating).
If forceCloseConnections is set to true, the server destroys all open sockets immediately. This kills in-flight requests, causing clients to experience "socket hang up" or ECONNREFUSED errors.
Issue Number: #11416
What is the new behavior?
This PR adds a gracefulShutdown property to NestApplicationOptions.
When gracefulShutdown: true is enabled (currently implemented for the Express adapter):
Upon calling app.close(), a flag isShuttingDown is set to true.
A middleware intercepts any new requests (even those arriving on existing keep-alive connections) and immediately responds with 503 Service Unavailable and a Connection: close header.
In-flight requests are allowed to proceed and complete naturally.
This allows load balancers and clients to gracefully back off while ensuring no active work is interrupted.
Does this PR introduce a breaking change?
Other information
This implementation follows a pattern similar to Fastify's return503OnClosing option, providing a middle ground between hanging indefinitely and forcefully killing connections.
Verified with a new integration test suite in integration/graceful-shutdown.