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8 changes: 4 additions & 4 deletions content/_index.md
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Expand Up @@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ draft: false
seo_title: "NYC Environment and Health Data Portal"
seo_description: "Data on how place shapes health in NYC."
description: "Data on how place shapes health in NYC. Data, stories, visualizations, downloads, and more great data tools."
featured_title: "Estimating proximity to key resources"
featured_text: "How close people live to transit, schools, or clinics, affects their ability to use them."
featured_link: "data-features/proximity/"
featured_image: "prox_feature.png"
featured_title: "Read about changes in NYC air quality over time"
featured_text: "Key findings from the updated New York City Community Air Survey (NYCCAS)."
featured_link: "data-features/nyccas/"
featured_image: "banner-2025.jpg"
ImageNote: featured_image must be added to assets
---
4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions content/data-features/nyccas/conclusion.md
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Expand Up @@ -3,12 +3,12 @@ _schema: default
draft: false
hide: true
---
This report underscores the importance of local emissions reduction efforts over the past decade and highlights the continued need to reduce emissions citywide. The City’s sustainability plan, <a href="https://climate.cityofnewyork.us/initiatives/planyc-getting-sustainability-done/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PlaNYC</a>, and its [roadmap to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, 80x50](https://www.nyc.gov/assets/sustainability/downloads/pdf/publications/New%20York%20City's%20Roadmap%20to%2080%20x%2050_Final.pdf), have already and will continue to improve air quality, providing important public health benefits to all New Yorkers. These strategies and measures include:
This report underscores the importance of local emissions reduction efforts over the past decade and highlights the continued need to reduce emissions citywide. The City’s sustainability plan, <a href="https://www.nyc.gov/content/climate/pages/planyc-getting-sustainabilty-done" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PlaNYC</a>, has already and will continue to improve air quality, providing important public health benefits to all New Yorkers. These strategies and measures include:

* Reducing emissions from commercial charbroiling through regulations and technical support to restaurants
* Getting the most polluting trucks off New York City streets
* Creating low or zero emission freight networks and reducing reliance on trucks
* Improving and expanding public transit
* Getting the most polluting trucks off New York City streets
* Accelerating the phase-out of fossil fuel combustion in buildings, focusing on the communities most impacted by air pollution-related health impacts

Air quality in New York City has greatly improved over the past decade and will continue to improve with efforts to control emissions from the most important sources.
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2,932 changes: 2,932 additions & 0 deletions content/data-features/nyccas/embed/pollutant-trends-data.csv

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27 changes: 13 additions & 14 deletions content/data-features/nyccas/embed/spatial-model.csv
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@@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
ID,Pollutant,Indicator,Description,Sources
1,pm,Commercial cooking,"Number of permitted commercial cooking grills and charbroilers within 1,000 meters",Emissions from commercial cooking
2,pm,Loading docks,Number of warehouse loading docks within 700 meters,Emissions from trucks idling and traveling to and from warehouses
3,pm,Traffic emissions,"Traffic density, weighted by relative PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions rates by vehicle type (car, truck, bus) within 250 m",PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from all on-road motor vehicles based on vehicle miles and the relative emissions rates of different vehicle types
4,no2,Building density,"Area of interior building space within 1,000 meters",Combustion of heating oil and natural gas
5,no2,Traffic emissions,Road area within 100 meters,Emissions of motor vehicles on paved roadways
6,no2,Loading docks,Number of warehouse loading docks within 500 meters,Emissions from trucks idling and traveling to and from warehouses
7,no2,Heavy duty vehicle emissions,Estimated NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from truck traffic within 500 meters,NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from on-road truck activity based on vehicle miles and average truck speeds and emission rates
9,no,Traffic emissions,"Traffic density, weighted by relative NOx emissions rates and vehicle type (car, truck, bus) within 300 meters",NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from all on-road motor vehicles based on vehicle miles and the relative emission rates of different vehicle types
3,no2,Building density,"Area of interior building space within 1,000 meters",Combustion of heating oil and natural gas
4,no2,Traffic emissions,Road area within 100 meters,Emissions of motor vehicles on paved roadways
5,no2,Loading docks,Number of warehouse loading docks within 500 meters,Emissions from trucks idling and traveling to and from warehouses
6,no2,Heavy duty vehicle emissions,Estimated NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from truck traffic within 500 meters,NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from on-road truck activity based on vehicle miles and average truck speeds and emission rates
7,no,Traffic emissions,"Traffic density, weighted by relative NOx emissions rates and vehicle type (car, truck, bus) within 300 meters",NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from all on-road motor vehicles based on vehicle miles and the relative emission rates of different vehicle types
8,no,Loading docks,Number of warehouse loading docks within 500 meters,Emissions from trucks idling and traveling to and from warehouses
10,no,Heavy duty vehicle emissions,Location on a bus route (compared to non-bus route locations),Emissions from buses and other vehicles on busy roadways - indicator of traffic congestion
11,no,Building emissions,NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from heat and hot water boilers in buildings within 150 meters,Combustion of heating oil and natural gas
12,bc,Traffic emissions,Area of impervious road surface within 100 meters,Emissions of motor vehicles on paved roadways
13,bc,Commercial cooking,Number of permitted commercial cooking grills and charbroilers within 100 meters,Emissions from commercial cooking
14,bc,Building emissions,PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from heat and hot water oil-burning boilers in buildings within 100 meters,Combustion of heating oil
15,bc,Industrial land use,"Area with industrial land-use within 1,000 meters",Emissions from trucks idling and traveling to and from industrial areas; and industrial combustion equipment
16,o3,NO<sub>2</sub>,Level of NO<sub>2</sub> measured at the same location,"Nitric oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) at elevated concentrations react with ground-level ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), to create NO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub>, also called ""quenching"" ozone"
17,o3,Tree cover,Tree cover within 50 meters,Reduced levels through reactions of ozone with leaf surfaces
9,no,Heavy duty vehicle emissions,Location on a bus route (compared to non-bus route locations),Emissions from buses and other vehicles on busy roadways - indicator of traffic congestion
10,no,Building emissions,NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from heat and hot water boilers in buildings within 150 meters,Combustion of heating oil and natural gas
11,bc,Traffic emissions,Area of impervious road surface within 100 meters,Emissions of motor vehicles on paved roadways
12,bc,Commercial cooking,Number of permitted commercial cooking grills and charbroilers within 100 meters,Emissions from commercial cooking
13,bc,Building emissions,PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from heat and hot water oil-burning boilers in buildings within 100 meters,Combustion of heating oil
14,bc,Industrial land use,"Area with industrial land-use within 1,000 meters",Emissions from trucks idling and traveling to and from industrial areas; and industrial combustion equipment
15,o3,NO<sub>2</sub>,Level of NO<sub>2</sub> measured at the same location,"Nitric oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) at elevated concentrations react with ground-level ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), to create NO<sub>2</sub> and oxygen, also called ""quenching"" ozone"
16,o3,Tree cover,Tree cover within 50 meters,Reduced levels through reactions of ozone with leaf surfaces
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49 changes: 26 additions & 23 deletions content/data-features/nyccas/index.md
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Expand Up @@ -17,55 +17,58 @@ seo_title: NYC Community Air Survey Annual Report
seo_description: Data, findings, and more from NYC's citywide air quality monitoring program.
aliases:
- /key-topics/airquality/nyccas/

image: images/banner-2023.jpg
image: images/banner-2025.jpg
layout: nyccas-report
report: true
related:
- title: "What our air quality monitors tell us about NYC's neighborhoods"
url: "data-stories/air-quality-by-neighborhood/"
- title: "Real-Time Air Quality: PM2.5 in NYC"
url: "data-features/realtime-air-quality/"
- title: "Air quality snapshots: special findings from 10 years of NYCCAS"
url: "data-stories/air-quality-snapshots/"
blurb: Key findings from NYC's comprehensive air quality monitoring program, including pollutant trends and local sources.
- title: What our air quality monitors tell us about NYC's neighborhoods
url: data-stories/air-quality-by-neighborhood/
- title: 'Real-Time Air Quality: PM2.5 in NYC'
url: data-features/realtime-air-quality/
- title: 'Air quality snapshots: special findings from 10 years of NYCCAS'
url: data-stories/air-quality-snapshots/
blurb: >-
Key findings from NYC's comprehensive air quality monitoring program,
including pollutant trends and local sources.
---
## NYCCAS Report: 2008-2023
## NYCCAS Report: 2008-2024

In 2007, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (Health Department) established the New York City Community Air Survey (NYCCAS), the largest ongoing urban air monitoring program of any U.S. city. NYCCAS, which began collecting data in December 2008, is a collaboration between the Health Department and Queens College of the City University of New York and provides data to:
The New York City Health Department (Health Department) established the New York City Community Air Survey (NYCCAS) in 2007, the largest ongoing urban air monitoring program of any U.S. city. NYCCAS, which began collecting data in December 2008, is a collaboration between the Health Department and Queens College of the City University of New York and provides data to:

* Help inform PlaNYC, the City’s sustainability plan
* Track changes in air quality over time
* Estimate exposures for health research
* Inform the public about local topics, such as [recent air quality improvements](../../data-stories/breatheeasy), [car-free zones](../../data-stories/aqts/), [changes in the sources of air pollution](../../data-stories/aq-cooking/), [unique air quality studies conducted in New York City](../../data-stories/air-quality-snapshots/), [efforts to reduce health impacts](../../data-stories/hia/), [public health benefits of public transit](../../data-stories/public-transit-creates-health/) and [differences in air quality and related health impacts across NYC neighborhoods](../../data-stories/aq2/). NYCCAS also developed [a tool (ZAPPA) that can help people understand how policy changes can change local emissions](../../data-stories/zappa/).
* Estimate air pollution exposures for health research
* Help inform <a href="https://www.nyc.gov/content/climate/pages/planyc-getting-sustainabilty-done" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PlaNYC</a>, the City’s sustainability plan
* Inform the public about local topics, such as [recent air quality improvements](../../data-stories/breatheeasy), [car-free zones](../../data-stories/aqts/), [changes in the sources of air pollution](../../data-stories/aq-cooking/), [unique air quality studies conducted in New York City](../../data-stories/air-quality-snapshots/), [efforts to reduce health impacts](../../data-stories/hia/), [public health benefits of public transit](../../data-stories/public-transit-creates-health/) and [differences in air quality and related health impacts across NYC neighborhoods](../../data-stories/aq2/)
* Develop <a href="https://treehug-app.its.unc.edu/trappa/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">a tool (TRAPPA) to show how policy changes can change local emissions</a>
* Publish [initial air quality data from Congestion Relief Tolling](https://a816-dohbesp.nyc.gov/IndicatorPublic/data-stories/congestion-tolling-update/)

This report:

* Provides a summary of key findings, the air monitoring program, monitoring site selection, and descriptions of the pollutants measured
* Describes the trends in air pollutant levels from more than a decade of data from winter 2008-2009 through fall 2023 for fine particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, black carbon, wintertime sulfur dioxide, and summertime ozone
* Describes the trends in air pollutant levels from more than 15 years of data from winter 2008-2009 through fall 2024 for fine particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, black carbon, wintertime sulfur dioxide, and summertime ozone
* Presents maps of neighborhood air pollution levels by year
* Identifies the local sources that contribute the most to differences in these pollutants across New York City neighborhoods

---

### Key Findings

**Citywide, annual average levels of four key pollutants have gone down between the first year of monitoring, 2009, and the most recent year of data, 2023.** During late spring and summer 2023, wildfire smoke from Canada caused an increase in measurements of fine particles (PM<sub>2\.5</sub>), including Black Carbon (BC). However, the 2023 levels of these pollutants still represent a decrease from levels when monitoring began in 2009.
**Annual average levels of four key pollutants have gone down, citywide, between the first year of monitoring, 2009, and the most recent year of data, 2024.**

* Fine particles&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-29%
* Nitrogen Dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>)&nbsp; &nbsp; -38%
* Nitric Oxide (NO)&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -60%
* Sulfur Dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>)&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -98%
* Fine particles (PM<sub>2\.5</sub>)&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;-36%
* Nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>)&nbsp; &nbsp; -41%
* Nitric oxide (NO)&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -62%
* Sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>)&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; -98%

**Air quality improved significantly after local regulations required building owners to convert to cleaner heating oils by 2015.** These heating oils were a major source of SO<sub>2</sub> in New York City. In 2023, only one of our 84 sites detected any SO<sub>2</sub>, and the level at that site was similar to SO<sub>2</sub> levels measured on Whiteface Mountain in the Adirondack Mountains, demonstrating the success of the clean heating oil requirements.
**Air quality improved significantly after local regulations required building owners to convert to cleaner heating oils by 2015.** These heating oils were a major source of SO<sub>2</sub> in New York City. Since 2017, most of the measurements collected for SO<sub>2</sub> have been below what our monitors can detect. The SO<sub>2</sub> levels in the city are similar to SO<sub>2</sub> levels measured on Whiteface Mountain in the Adirondack Mountains, demonstrating the success of the clean heating oil requirements.

**Ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) levels were higher in 2023 than any previous year of NYCCAS monitoring.** Ozone is produced when there are oxides of nitrogen (NO<sub>x</sub>) and volatile organic carbon emissions in the presence of sunlight and heat, which is why we see higher levels in the summer. Summer 2023 was one of the hottest in recorded history, likely causing higher O<sub>3</sub>&nbsp;levels.
**Ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) levels were slightly lower in 2024 compared to 2023, but are still above the average historical NYCCAS level.** Ozone is produced when there are oxides of nitrogen (NO<sub>x</sub>) and volatile organic carbon emissions in the presence of sunlight and heat, which is why we see higher levels in the summer.

There has not been a consistent trend in O<sub>3</sub> levels over the history of NYCCAS monitoring, but we may expect O<sub>3</sub> levels to trend higher in the future with further increases in average temperatures due to climate change.

**Air quality changes with location.**

PM<sub>2\.5</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, NO, and BC are highest in:
PM<sub>2\.5</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, NO, and black carbon (BC) are highest in:

* Areas with higher density of commercial cooking grills and charbroilers
* Industrial areas, specifically areas with higher density of warehouses
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