Fix StackoverflowError in Kotlin type processing

[gliptak]

What's changed?

Fix StackoverflowError in Kotlin type processing

What's your motivation?

• Fixes StackOverflowError on org.openrewrite.java.ReplaceConstantWithAnotherConstant #6140

Anything in particular you'd like reviewers to focus on?

Anyone you would like to review specifically?

Have you considered any alternatives or workarounds?

Any additional context

Checklist

• I've added unit tests to cover both positive and negative cases
• I've read and applied the recipe conventions and best practices
• I've used the IntelliJ IDEA auto-formatter on affected files

[timtebeek]

Thanks for the suggested fix here @gliptak ! Let me check with @knutwannheden if there's any alternatives, as we're quite sensitive to performance changes in this part, and the new set allocation and additions might cause a bit of a regression that can perhaps be tackled elsewhere, such as in the parser that creates the type information.