refactor!: replace python 3.9 with 3.10 as oldest supported version

[dionhaefner]

Relevant issue or PR

Fixes #234

Description of changes

• Replaces 3.9 with 3.10 as lower bound, and resolves pre-commit upgrades.
• Also test with Python 3.13 instead of 3.12.

Testing done

CI

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 98.11321% with 1 line in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 76.57%. Comparing base (6ceb18c) to head (9571b0a).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
tesseract_core/runtime/schema_types.py	80.00%	0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #401      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   76.12%   76.57%   +0.44%     
==========================================
  Files          29       29              
  Lines        3364     3359       -5     
  Branches      526      525       -1     
==========================================
+ Hits         2561     2572      +11     
+ Misses        569      555      -14     
+ Partials      234      232       -2     

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[xalelax]

Minor merge conflict 9571b0a, but otherwise gtg in my opinion. Thanks @dionhaefner !