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* Restructured docs * Reworked the What's in it section * Added power number * Added icons
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| { | ||
| "cSpell.words": [ | ||
| "Quickstart" | ||
| ] | ||
| } |
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| # Connect to the PostgreSQL server | ||
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| With PostgreSQL server up and running, let's connect to it. | ||
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| By default, the `postgres` user and the `postgres` database are created in PostgreSQL upon its installation and initialization. This allows you to connect to the database as the `postgres` user. | ||
| {.power-number} | ||
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| 1. Switch to the `postgres` user. | ||
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| ```{.bash data-prompt="$"} | ||
| $ sudo su postgres | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 2. Open the PostgreSQL interactive terminal `psql`: | ||
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| ```{.bash data-prompt="$"} | ||
| $ psql | ||
| ``` | ||
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| <i info>:material-information: Hint:</i> You can connect to `psql` as the `postgres` user in one go: | ||
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| ```{.bash data-prompt="$"} | ||
| $ sudo su - postgres -c psql | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ## Basic `psql` commands | ||
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| While connected to PostgreSQL, let's practice some basic `psql` commands to interact with the database: | ||
| {.power-number} | ||
| 1. List databases: | ||
| ```{.bash data-prompt="$"} | ||
| $ \l | ||
| ``` | ||
| 2. Display tables in the current database: | ||
| ```{.bash data-prompt="$"} | ||
| $ \dt | ||
| ``` | ||
| 3. Display columns in a table | ||
| ```{.bash data-prompt="$"} | ||
| $ \d <table_name> | ||
| ``` | ||
| 4. Switch databases | ||
| ```{.bash data-prompt="$"} | ||
| $ \c <database_name> | ||
| ``` | ||
| 5. Display users and roles | ||
| ```{.bash data-prompt="$"} | ||
| $ \du | ||
| ``` | ||
| 6. Exit the `psql` terminal: | ||
| ```{.bash data-prompt="$"} | ||
| $ \q | ||
| ``` | ||
| To learn more about using `psql`, see [`psql` :octicons-link-external-16:](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/app-psql.html) documentation. | ||
| Congratulations! You have connected to PostgreSQL and learned some essential `psql` commands. | ||
| ## Next steps | ||
| [Manipulate data in PostgreSQL :material-arrow-right:](crud.md){.md-button} |
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| # Manipulate data in PostgreSQL | ||
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| On the previous step, you have [connected to PostgreSQL](connect.md) as the superuser `postgres`. Now, let's insert some sample data and operate with it in PostgreSQL. | ||
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| ## Create a database | ||
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| Let's create the database `test`. Use the CREATE DATABASE command: | ||
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| ```sql | ||
| CREATE DATABASE test; | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ## Create a table | ||
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| Let's create a sample table `Customers` in the `test` database using the following command: | ||
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| ```sql | ||
| CREATE TABLE customers ( | ||
| id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, -- 'id' is an auto-incrementing integer | ||
| first_name VARCHAR(50), -- 'first_name' is a string with a maximum length of 50 characters | ||
| last_name VARCHAR(50), -- 'last_name' is a string with a maximum length of 50 characters | ||
| email VARCHAR(100) -- 'email' is a string with a maximum length of 100 characters | ||
| ); | ||
| ``` | ||
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| <i info>:material-information: Hint:</i>Having issues with table creation? Check our [Troubleshooting guide](troubleshooting.md) | ||
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| ## Insert the data | ||
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| Populate the table with the sample data as follows: | ||
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| ```sql | ||
| INSERT INTO customers (first_name, last_name, email) | ||
| VALUES | ||
| ('John', 'Doe', '[email protected]'), -- Insert a new row | ||
| ('Jane', 'Doe', '[email protected]'); | ||
| ('Alice', 'Smith', '[email protected]'); | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ## Query data | ||
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| Let's verify the data insertion by querying it: | ||
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| ```sql | ||
| SELECT * FROM customers; | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ??? example "Expected output" | ||
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| ```{.sql .no-copy} | ||
| id | first_name | last_name | email | ||
| ----+------------+-----------+------------------------- | ||
| 1 | John | Doe | [email protected] | ||
| 2 | Jane | Doe | [email protected] | ||
| 3 | Alice | Smith | [email protected] | ||
| (3 rows) | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ## Update data | ||
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| Let's update John Doe's record with a new email address. | ||
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| 1. Use the UPDATE command for that: | ||
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| ```sql | ||
| UPDATE customers | ||
| SET email = '[email protected]' | ||
| WHERE first_name = 'John' AND last_name = 'Doe'; | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 2. Query the table to verify the updated data: | ||
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| ```sql | ||
| SELECT * FROM customers WHERE first_name = 'John' AND last_name = 'Doe'; | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ??? example "Expected output" | ||
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| ```{.sql .no-copy} | ||
| id | first_name | last_name | email | ||
| ----+------------+-----------+------------------------- | ||
| 2 | Jane | Doe | [email protected] | ||
| 3 | Alice | Smith | [email protected] | ||
| 1 | John | Doe | [email protected] | ||
| (3 rows) | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ## Delete data | ||
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| Use the DELETE command to delete rows. For example, delete the record of Alice Smith: | ||
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| ```sql | ||
| DELETE FROM Customers WHERE first_name = 'Alice' AND last_name = 'Smith'; | ||
| ``` | ||
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| If you wish to delete the whole table, use the `DROP TABLE` command instead as follows: | ||
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| ```sql | ||
| DROP TABLE customers; | ||
| ``` | ||
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| To delete the whole database, use the DROP DATABASE command: | ||
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| ```sql | ||
| DROP DATABASE test; | ||
| ``` | ||
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| Congratulations! You have used basic create, read, update and delete (CRUD) operations to manipulate data in Percona Distribution for PostgreSQL. To deepen your knowledge, see the [data manipulation :octicons-link-external-16:](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/{{pgversion}}/dml.html) section in PostgreSQL documentation. | ||
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| ## Next steps | ||
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| [What's next?](whats-next.md)(.md-button) |
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