Dungeons and Pythons

We are going to make a simple, 2D turn-based console game filled with dungeons and pythons!

We are going to have hero, enemies, weapons, treasures and magic!

So lets start with the basic stuff:

Our Hero

Make a Hero class which can be initialized by that (all constructor arguments are shown in the example):

h = Hero(name="Bron", title="Dragonslayer", health=100, mana=100, mana_regeneration_rate=2)

Our hero should have the following methods:

known_as() method

Add a known_as() method to our Hero, which returns a string, formatted in the following way: "{hero_name} the {hero_title}"

For example:

>>> h.known_as()
Bron the DragonSlayer

get_health() and get_mana() and is_alive() and can_cast()

Every hero starts with the given health and mana points.

Those health and mana points are the maximum health and mana for the hero!

• When a hero reaches 0 health he is considered death.
• When a hero reaches 0 mana, he cannot cast any spells

Implement the following methods:

• is_alive() which returns True, if our hero is still alive. Otherwise - False.
• get_health() which returns the current health
• get_mana() which returns the current mana
• can_cast() which returns True, if our hero can cast the magic he has been given. Otherwise - False

take_damage(damage_points)

So, our hero can take damage which reduces his health.

Implement a method, called take_damage(damage_points) where damage can be either integer or floating point value.

This method should reduce the hero's health by damage

If we inflict more damage than we have health, health will always be equal to zero and we cannot get below that!

take_healing(healing_points)

Our hero can also be healed!

Implement a method, called take_healing(healing_points) which heals our hero.

Here are the requirements:

• If our hero is dead, the method should return False. It's too late to heal our hero
• We cannot heal our hero above the maximum health, which is given by health
• If healing is successful (Our hero is not dead), the method should return True

take_mana(mana_points)

Our hero can also increase his mana in two ways:

• Each time he makes a move, his mana is increased by mana_regeneration_rate amount.
• He can drink a mana potion, which will increse his mana by the amount of mana points the potion have.

Hero's mana cannot go above the start mana given to him, neither he can go down below 0 mana.

equip(weapon) method

Our hero can equip one weapon and one spell in order to have damage.

Check the weapon example for more information.

learn(spell) method

The same as equip, but takes a Spell class.

Our hero can learn only 1 spell at a time.

If you learn a given spell, and after this learn another one, the hero can use only the latest.

attack() method

The method should return the demage done either from the weapon or from the spell (more on that, later)

If the hero has not been equiped with weapon or he has no spells, his attack points are 0.

The method can be called in two ways:

• attack(by="weapon") - returns the damage of the weapon if equiped or 0 otherwise
• attack(by="magic") - returns the damage of the spell, if quiped or 0 otherwise

The Enemies

Implement a class Enemy which is initialized like that:

enemy = Enemy(health=100, mana=100, damage=20)

The Enemy should have the following methods, just like our hero:

• is_alive()

• can_cast()

• get_health()

• get_mana()

• take_healing()

• take_mana()

• attack()

• Enemies cannot regenerate mana!

• Enemies have starting damage, which is different from a weapon or a spell. They can equip weapons or learn spells but it is not required for them to have any damage, as it is for our hero.

The weapons and spells

In order for our hero to have proper damage, he must be equiped with either a weapon or a spell.

One hero can carry at max 1 weapon and 1 spell.

Weapon class

Implement a simple class Weapon which behave like that:

h = Hero(name="Bron", title="Dragonslayer", health=100, mana=100, mana_regeneration_rate=2)
w = Weapon(name="The Axe of Destiny", damage=20)

h.equip(w)

h.attack(by="weapon") == 20

Spell class

This should be more complex. Implement a spell class, which behaves like that:

s = Spell(name="Fireball", damage=30, mana_cost=50, cast_range=2)

name and damage are self explanatory.

• mana_cost means that the spell needs at least that much amount of mana in order to be casted. Raise an error if you cannot cast that spell.
• cast_range is a bit more special and related to the Dungeon. You can cast that spell on an enemy, which is within the cast_range. If cast_range is 1, you can attack enemies, that are next to you. If cast range is greater than 1, you can attack enemies from distance, that is cast_range squares away. Casting range is only calculated in a straight line. You cannot curve spells

The Dungeons and treasures

We are going to need a dungeon, where our hero can fight his enemies and find powerful weapons and spells!

Our dungeon is going to be a 2D map that looks like that:

S.##.....T
#T##..###.
#.###E###E
#.E...###.
###T#####G

Where:

• S means a starting point for our hero.
• G means gateway - the end of the dungeon (and most propably the enter to another)
• # is an obstacle
• . is a walkable path.
• T is a treasure that can be either mana, health, weapon or spell
• E is an enemy that our hero can fight

We are going to load the layout of our map from a file. For example, the map above can be located in a filed called level1.txt

We create new dungeon like this:

>>> from dungeon import Dungeon
>>> map = Dungeon("level1.txt")
>>> map.print_map()

S.##.....T
#T##..###.
#.###E###E
#.E...###.
###T#####G

Our Dungeon should have the following methods:

print_map()

This should print the map to the console. Check the example above.

spawn

We want to spawn our hero in the S location of the map.

Implement a method, called spawn(hero) where:

• hero is a Hero instance

This one takes the first free spawning point in the map and populates it with H.

The first free spawning point is the one, that we get if we start from top-left and walk left.

If the spawning is successful - return True. Otherwise (If there are no more spawning points, return False)

If our hero dies, he can respawn at the next spawning point. If there are no free spawning points, game is over

So, if we have the map above, let's take the following example:

>>> map.spawn(some_hero_instance)
>>> map.print_map()
H.##.....T
#T##..###.
#.###E###E
#.E...###.
###T#####G

move_hero()

Now, implemented a method move_hero(direction) where:

• direction is either "up", "down", "left" and "right"

This should move our hero in the desired direction.

Return True if he can move into that direction or Fasle otherwise.

For example:

>>> map.move_hero("right")
True
>>> map.print_map()
.H##.....T
#T##..###.
#.###E###E
#.E...###.
###T#####G
>>> map.move_hero("up")
False
>>> map.move_hero("down")
Found treasure!
>>> map.print_map()
..##.....T
#H##..###.
#.###E###E
#.E...###.
###T#####G

Here are the cases:

• If you move into an obstacle, return False and don't make the move.
• If you move outside the map - return False and don't make the move.
• If you move into an enemy, a Fight is automatically started. Otherwise, you have options, which we will describe in the Fight class
• If you move into Treasure, roll a dice to decide what it can be - a mana or health potion, a weapon or a spell

Treasures

It is a good idea to have a finite list of treasures that can be found in a given dungeon.

One idea is to keep a list of treasure in the txt file, where the map is. Other idea is to have a separate file that keeps the loot for each map.

Our suggestion for you is to keep a track of all treasures in the Dungeon class and have a method pick_treasure() that returns an instance of randomly picked treasure.

Fights

The interesting part is here.

Our hero must fight his enemies in order to reach the exit of the dungeon.

Our Dungeon should have a hero_attack(by) method, which checks if our hero can attack either by weapon or by spell, again having a by keyword-argument, like the Weapon

A fight happens when:

• Our hero walks into the same position as the enemy - then the fights start automatically
• Our hero is within some range of the enemy and triggers hero_attack method call. Then we can attack our enemy, but our enemy must walk to our place in order to start attacking us. This is really helpful with spells!

Implement a Fight class that takes a hero and an emeny and simulates a fight between them.

The Fight is over when either our hero or the enemy is dead.

Here is a full example:

>>> h = Hero(name="Bron", title="Dragonslayer", health=100, mana=100, mana_regeneration_rate=2)
>>> w = Weapon(name="The Axe of Destiny", damage=20)
>>> h.equip(w)
>>> s = Spell(name="Fireball", damage=30, mana_cost=50, cast_range=2)
>>> h.learn(s)
>>> map = Dungeon("level1.txt")
>>> map.spawn(h)
>>> map.print_map()
H.##.....T
#T##..###.
#.###E###E
#.E...###.
###T#####G
>>> map.move_hero("left")
True
>>> map.move_hero("down")
Found health potion. Hero health is max.
>>> map.print_map()
..##.....T
#H##..###.
#.###E###E
#.E...###.
###T#####G
>>> map.hero_attack(by="spell")
Nothing in casting range 2
>>> map.move_hero("down")
>>> map.move_hero("down")
>>> map.print_map()
..##.....T
#.##..###.
#.###E###E
#HE...###.
###T#####G
>>> map.hero_attack(by="spell")
A fight is started between our Hero(health=100, mana=100) and Enemey(health=100, mana=100, damage=20)
Hero casts a Fireball, hits enemy for 20 dmg. Enemy health is 80
Enemy moves one square to the right in order to get to the hero. This is his move.
Hero casts a Fireball, hits enemy for 20 dmg. Enemy health is 60
Enemy hits hero for 20 dmg. Hero health is 80
Hero does not have mana for another Fireball.
Hero hits with Axe for 20 dmg. Enemy health is 40
Enemy hits hero for 20 dmg. Hero health is 60.
Hero hits with Axe for 20 dmg. Enemy health is 20
Enemy hits hero for 20 dmg. Hero health is 40.
Hero hits with Axe for 20 dmg. Emely health is 0
Enemy is dead!

Fight steps

The fight follows this algorithm:

• Our hero always attacks first
• We always use the attack that deals more damage
• If our weapon and our spell deals the same amount of damage, use the spell first.
• When you run out of mana, use the weapon (if any)
• Think of how you can make the enemies cast spells?

Creativity and Improvisation

As you can see, this is a big and a fat problem. There are things that are not well defined.

This is up to you. Make an interesting game!