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add new models
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111 changes: 92 additions & 19 deletions _toc.yml
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Expand Up @@ -72,29 +72,102 @@ parts:
chapters:
- file: chapter5/cfd
sections:
- file: chapter5/buoyancy-driven_natural_convection
- file: chapter5/compressible_flow_in_a_nozzle
- file: chapter5/convection-diffusion_equation_in_a_channel
- file: chapter5/free_surface_flow
- file: chapter5/heat_conduction_in_a_solid
- file: chapter5/incompressible_flow_past_a_cylinder
- file: chapter5/magnetohydrodynamics_flow
- file: chapter5/particle-laden_flow
- file: chapter5/stokes_flow_in_a_lid-driven_cavity
- file: chapter5/two-phase_flow
- file: chapter5/non-newtonian-fluids
sections:
- file: chapter5/power_law_fluid_flow_in_a_channel
- file: chapter5/bingham_plastic_flow_in_a_pipe
- file: chapter5/oldroyd-b_fluid_flow_in_a_channel
- file: chapter5/herschel-bulkley_fluid_flow_in_a_pipe
- file: chapter5/cross_power_law_fluid_flow_in_a_channel
- file: chapter5/casson_fluid_flow_in_a_channel
- file: chapter5/papanastasiou_fluid_flow_in_a_channel
- file: chapter5/cfd/buoyancy-driven_natural_convection
- file: chapter5/cfd/compressible_flow_in_a_nozzle
- file: chapter5/cfd/convection-diffusion_equation_in_a_channel
- file: chapter5/cfd/free_surface_flow
- file: chapter5/cfd/heat_conduction_in_a_solid
- file: chapter5/cfd/incompressible_flow_past_a_cylinder
- file: chapter5/cfd/magnetohydrodynamics_flow
- file: chapter5/cfd/particle-laden_flow
- file: chapter5/cfd/stokes_flow_in_a_lid-driven_cavity
- file: chapter5/cfd/two-phase_flow
- file: chapter5/cfd/non-newtonian-fluids
sections:
- file: chapter5/cfd/power_law_fluid_flow_in_a_channel
- file: chapter5/cfd/bingham_plastic_flow_in_a_pipe
- file: chapter5/cfd/oldroyd-b_fluid_flow_in_a_channel
- file: chapter5/cfd/herschel-bulkley_fluid_flow_in_a_pipe
- file: chapter5/cfd/cross_power_law_fluid_flow_in_a_channel
- file: chapter5/cfd/casson_fluid_flow_in_a_channel
- file: chapter5/cfd/papanastasiou_fluid_flow_in_a_channel
- file: chapter5/fsi
sections:
- file: chapter5/fsi/flutter_analysis_of_a_flexible_wing_in_fluid_flow
- file: chapter5/fsi/two-way_fluid-structure_interaction_in_a_tube
- file: chapter5/fsi/fluid-structure_interaction_in_a_flexible_channel
- file: chapter5/electromagnetics
- file: chapter5/mhd
sections:
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd-stability-analysis
sections:
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_rayleigh-taylor_instability_in_a_conducting_fluid
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_kelvin-helmholtz_instability_in_magnetized_flows
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_stability_of_a_current-carrying_plasma_column
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd-turbulence
sections:
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_turbulence_in_solar_winds
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_turbulence_in_laboratory_plasmas
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_turbulence_in_accretion_disks
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd-heat-transfer
sections:
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_heat_transfer_in_a_rectangular_domain
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_heat_transfer_in_a_cylindrical_fusion_reactor
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_heat_transfer_in_a_magma_convection_model
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd-dynamo
sections:
- file: chapter5/mhd/simple_kinematic_dynamo_model
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_dynamo_in_a_rotating_sphere
- file: chapter5/mhd/astrophysical_dynamo_in_a_stellar_interior
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd-astrophysics
sections:
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_star_formation_in_a_protostellar_cloud
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_solar_wind_simulation
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_accretion_disk_in_binary_star_system
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd-material-processing
sections:
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_aluminum_electromagnetic_stirring
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_continuous_casting_of_steel
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd_metal_solidification_in_magnetic_field
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd-drug-targeting
sections:
- file: chapter5/mhd/magnetic_targeting_in_a_blood_vessel
- file: chapter5/mhd/magnetic_targeting_in_tumor_tissue
- file: chapter5/mhd/magnetic_targeting_in_the_eye_for_retinal_diseases
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd-fluid-dynamics
sections:
- file: chapter5/mhd/ferrofluid_flow_in_a_microfluidic_device
- file: chapter5/mhd/ferrofluid_damper_in_mechanical_system
- file: chapter5/mhd/magnetic_fluid_actuator_in_valve_control
- file: chapter5/mhd/mhd-fusion
- file: chapter5/material-science
sections:
- file: chapter5/material-science/creep_in_viscoelastic_materials
- file: chapter5/material-science/diffusion_and_reaction_in_porous_media
- file: chapter5/material-science/elasticity_with_thermal_expansion
- file: chapter5/material-science/heat_conduction_with_phase_change
- file: chapter5/material-science/piezoelectric_material
- file: chapter5/material-science/composite-materials
sections:
- file: chapter5/material-science/homogenization_of_composite_structures
- file: chapter5/material-science/thermal_conductivity_of_composite_materials
- file: chapter5/material-science/fiber-reinforced_composite_materials
- file: chapter5/material-science/composite_materials_with_piezoelectric_fibers
- file: chapter5/material-science/composite_materials_with_thermal_expansion
- file: chapter5/material-science/composite-materials-analysis
sections:
- file: chapter5/material-science/laminate_plate_bending
- file: chapter5/material-science/composite_beam_analysis
- file: chapter5/material-science/composite_pressure_vessel_analysis
- file: chapter5/material-science/composite_shaft_analysis
- file: chapter5/material-science/composite_shell_structures
- file: chapter5/material-science/additive-manifacturing
sections:
- file: chapter5/material-science/thermal_simulation_in_powder_bed_fusion
- file: chapter5/material-science/fluid_flow_simulation_in_directed_energy_deposition
- file: chapter5/material-science/structural_simulation_in_fused_filament_fabrication
- file: chapter5/material-science/multi-material_simulation_in_material_jetting
- file: chapter5/material-science/residual_stress_simulation_in_selective_laser_melting
- file: chapter5/multiphysics
- caption: Documentation
chapters:
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9 changes: 1 addition & 8 deletions chapter5/electromagnetics.md
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Expand Up @@ -46,12 +46,5 @@ To apply the finite element method, the domain $\Omega$ is discretized into elem

## References

The following references provide in-depth coverage of the mathematical background for electromagnetism using finite elements:
The following references provide in-depth coverage of the mathematical background for electromagnetism using finite elements: {cite}`jin2015finite` {cite}`bossavit1998whitney` {cite}`monk2003finite`

\begin{enumerate}
\item \cite{jin2015finite}
\item \cite{bossavit1998whitney}
\item \cite{monk2003finite}
\end{enumerate}

This mathematical background serves as the foundation for implementing finite element simulations of electromagnetic problems. Researchers interested in detailed mathematical derivations and computational techniques are encouraged to explore the referenced works.
12 changes: 3 additions & 9 deletions chapter5/fsi.md
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Expand Up @@ -7,11 +7,13 @@ Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) involves the coupled interaction between a flu

The governing equations for fluid-structure interaction involve the Navier-Stokes equations for the fluid and the equations of motion for the structure. In a partitioned approach, the coupled system is given by:

$$
\begin{align}
\text{Fluid Domain:} \quad \rho_f \left(\frac{\partial \mathbf{u}_f}{\partial t} + (\mathbf{u}_f \cdot \nabla)\mathbf{u}_f\right) &= -\nabla p_f + \mu_f \nabla^2 \mathbf{u}_f + \mathbf{f}_f + \mathbf{F}_s, \label{eq:fsi_fluid_momentum} \\
\nabla \cdot \mathbf{u}_f &= 0, \label{eq:fsi_fluid_continuity} \\
\text{Structure Domain:} \quad \rho_s \frac{\partial^2 \mathbf{u}_s}{\partial t^2} &= \nabla \cdot \mathbf{P}_s + \mathbf{f}_s, \label{eq:fsi_structure_motion}
\end{align}
$$

where:

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -65,12 +67,4 @@ The coupling conditions, such as \eqref{eq:fsi_kinematic_condition} and \eqref{e

## References

The following references provide comprehensive coverage of the mathematical background for fluid-structure interaction using finite elements:

\begin{enumerate}
\item \cite{hron2006fluid}
\item \cite{bathe2014finite}
\item \cite{quarteroni2017fluid}
\end{enumerate}

Researchers interested in detailed mathematical derivations and computational techniques are encouraged to explore the referenced works.
The following references provide comprehensive coverage of the mathematical background for fluid-structure interaction using finite elements: {cite}`hron2006fluid` {cite}`bathe2014finite` {cite}`quarteroni2017fluid`
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{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "c06958bc",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# Fluid-Structure Interaction in a Flexible Channel\n",
"\n",
"## Mathematical Model\n",
"\n",
"Consider the FSI of a flexible channel with fluid flow. The fluid velocity $\\mathbf{v}$ and structural displacement $u$ are coupled through the FSI problem.\n",
"\n",
"- Structural Equation:\n",
"\n",
"$$\n",
"\\begin{align*}\n",
"\\rho_s A_s \\frac{\\partial^2 u}{\\partial t^2} - \\nabla \\cdot \\sigma(u) &= 0 \\quad \\text{in } \\Omega_s \\times (0, T) \\\\\n",
"u &= 0 \\quad \\text{on } \\Gamma_{\\text{fixed}} \\times (0, T) \\\\\n",
"\\sigma(u) \\cdot \\mathbf{n} &= \\mathbf{t} \\quad \\text{on } \\Gamma_{\\text{interface}} \\times (0, T)\n",
"\\end{align*}\n",
"$$\n",
"\n",
"- Fluid Equation:\n",
"\n",
"$$\n",
"\\begin{align*}\n",
"\\rho_f \\frac{\\partial \\mathbf{v}}{\\partial t} + \\rho_f (\\mathbf{v} \\cdot \\nabla) \\mathbf{v} - \\nabla \\cdot \\sigma(\\mathbf{v}) &= 0 \\quad \\text{in } \\Omega_f \\times (0, T) \\\\\n",
"\\mathbf{v} &= \\mathbf{0} \\quad \\text{on } \\Gamma_{\\text{inlet}} \\times (0, T) \\\\\n",
"\\sigma(\\mathbf{v}) \\cdot \\mathbf{n} &= p \\cdot \\mathbf{n} \\quad \\text{on } \\Gamma_{\\text{interface}} \\times (0, T)\n",
"\\end{align*}\n",
"$$\n",
"\n",
"- Coupling Conditions:\n",
"\n",
"$$\n",
"\\begin{align*}\n",
"\\mathbf{v}(\\mathbf{x}, t) &= \\mathbf{v}_f(\\mathbf{x}, t) \\quad \\text{on } \\Gamma_{\\text{interface}} \\times (0, T) \\\\\n",
"\\sigma(u) \\cdot \\mathbf{n} &= \\sigma(\\mathbf{v}) \\cdot \\mathbf{n} \\quad \\text{on } \\Gamma_{\\text{interface}} \\times (0, T)\n",
"\\end{align*}\n",
"$$\n",
"\n",
"## Weak Formulation\n",
"\n",
"Find $u \\in V_s$ and $\\mathbf{v} \\in V_f$ such that\n",
"\n",
"$$\n",
"\\begin{align*}\n",
"\\int_{\\Omega_s} \\rho_s A_s \\frac{\\partial^2 u}{\\partial t^2} \\phi_s \\, d\\Omega &- \\int_{\\Omega_s} \\nabla \\cdot \\sigma(u) \\cdot \\nabla \\phi_s \\, d\\Omega = 0 \\\\\n",
"\\int_{\\Omega_f} \\rho_f \\frac{\\partial \\mathbf{v}}{\\partial t} \\cdot \\mathbf{\\phi}_f \\, d\\Omega &+ \\int_{\\Omega_f} \\rho_f (\\mathbf{v} \\cdot \\nabla) \\mathbf{v} \\cdot \\mathbf{\\phi}_f \\, d\\Omega - \\int_{\\Omega_f} \\nabla \\cdot \\sigma(\\mathbf{v}) \\cdot \\nabla \\mathbf{\\phi}_f \\, d\\Omega = 0\n",
"\\end{align*}\n",
"$$\n",
"\n",
"for all $\\phi_s \\in V_s$ and $\\mathbf{\\phi}_f \\in V_f$.\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"\n"
]
},
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"id": "37cc9bbf",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"# Flutter Analysis of a Flexible Wing in Fluid Flow\n",
"\n",
"## Mathematical Model\n",
"\n",
"Consider the fluid-structure interaction of a flexible wing in a steady airflow. The structural displacement \\(u\\) and fluid velocity \\(\\mathbf{v}\\) are coupled through the FSI problem.\n",
"\n",
"- Structural Equation:\n",
"\n",
"$$\n",
"\\begin{align*}\n",
"\\rho_s A_s \\frac{\\partial^2 u}{\\partial t^2} + c_s \\frac{\\partial u}{\\partial t} - \\nabla \\cdot (\\sigma(u)) &= 0 \\quad \\text{in } \\Omega_s \\times (0, T) \\\\\n",
"u &= 0 \\quad \\text{on } \\Gamma_{\\text{fixed}} \\times (0, T) \\\\\n",
"\\sigma(u) \\cdot \\mathbf{n} &= p \\cdot \\mathbf{n} \\quad \\text{on } \\Gamma_{\\text{interface}} \\times (0, T)\n",
"\\end{align*}\n",
"$$\n",
"\n",
"- Fluid Equation:\n",
"\n",
"$$\n",
"\\begin{align*}\n",
"\\rho_f \\frac{\\partial \\mathbf{v}}{\\partial t} + \\rho_f (\\mathbf{v} \\cdot \\nabla) \\mathbf{v} - \\nabla \\cdot \\sigma(\\mathbf{v}) &= 0 \\quad \\text{in } \\Omega_f \\times (0, T) \\\\\n",
"\\mathbf{v} &= \\mathbf{0} \\quad \\text{on } \\Gamma_{\\text{inlet}} \\times (0, T) \\\\\n",
"\\sigma(\\mathbf{v}) \\cdot \\mathbf{n} &= \\mathbf{t} \\quad \\text{on } \\Gamma_{\\text{wing}} \\times (0, T) \\\\\n",
"\\end{align*}\n",
"$$\n",
"\n",
"- Coupling Conditions:\n",
"\n",
"$$\n",
"\\begin{align*}\n",
"\\mathbf{v}(\\mathbf{x}, t) &= \\mathbf{v}_f(\\mathbf{x}, t) \\quad \\text{on } \\Gamma_{\\text{interface}} \\times (0, T) \\\\\n",
"\\sigma(u) \\cdot \\mathbf{n} &= \\sigma(\\mathbf{v}) \\cdot \\mathbf{n} \\quad \\text{on } \\Gamma_{\\text{interface}} \\times (0, T)\n",
"\\end{align*}\n",
"$$\n",
"\n",
"## Weak Formulation\n",
"\n",
"Find $u \\in V_s$ and $\\mathbf{v} \\in V_f$ such that\n",
"\n",
"$$\n",
"\\begin{align*}\n",
"\\int_{\\Omega_s} \\rho_s A_s \\frac{\\partial^2 u}{\\partial t^2} \\phi_s \\, d\\Omega &+ \\int_{\\Omega_s} c_s \\frac{\\partial u}{\\partial t} \\phi_s \\, d\\Omega - \\int_{\\Omega_s} \\nabla \\cdot \\sigma(u) \\cdot \\nabla \\phi_s \\, d\\Omega = 0 \\\\\n",
"\\int_{\\Omega_f} \\rho_f \\frac{\\partial \\mathbf{v}}{\\partial t} \\cdot \\mathbf{\\phi}_f \\, d\\Omega &+ \\int_{\\Omega_f} \\rho_f (\\mathbf{v} \\cdot \\nabla) \\mathbf{v} \\cdot \\mathbf{\\phi}_f \\, d\\Omega - \\int_{\\Omega_f} \\nabla \\cdot \\sigma(\\mathbf{v}) \\cdot \\nabla \\mathbf{\\phi}_f \\, d\\Omega = 0\n",
"\\end{align*}\n",
"$$\n",
"\n",
"for all $\\phi_s \\in V_s$ and $\\mathbf{\\phi}_f \\in V_f$.\n",
"\n"
]
},
{
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