Cirq-web now supports operations with no location information

[seunomonije]

Fixes #5172, which showed that there may be instances where users want to view a circuit containing more than Grid and Line Qubits. Currently, cirq-web crashes if an operation is not in that set.

This PR introduces a patch where operations with no location information, storing them as foreign_symbols in the GridCircuit class. This resolves the base-case circuit given in the issue.

Foreign symbols, which as of now consist only of those with no location information, are stored to the side of the circuit in the same moment that they occur. Foreign symbols are also listed at the bottom of each visualization. See example:

Displayed circuit was taken from this stim example:

stim_circuit = stim.Circuit("""
QUBIT_COORDS(1, 1) 1
QUBIT_COORDS(2, 0) 2
QUBIT_COORDS(3, 1) 3
QUBIT_COORDS(5, 1) 5
QUBIT_COORDS(1, 3) 8
QUBIT_COORDS(2, 2) 9
QUBIT_COORDS(3, 3) 10
QUBIT_COORDS(4, 2) 11
QUBIT_COORDS(5, 3) 12
QUBIT_COORDS(6, 2) 13
QUBIT_COORDS(0, 4) 14
QUBIT_COORDS(1, 5) 15
QUBIT_COORDS(2, 4) 16
QUBIT_COORDS(3, 5) 17
QUBIT_COORDS(4, 4) 18
QUBIT_COORDS(5, 5) 19
QUBIT_COORDS(4, 6) 25
RX 1 3 5 8 10 12 15 17 19
R 2 9 11 13 14 16 18 25
TICK
H 2 11 16 25
DEPOLARIZE1(0.001) 2 11 16 25
TICK
CX 2 3 16 17 11 12 15 14 10 9 19 18
DEPOLARIZE2(0.001) 2 3 16 17 11 12 15 14 10 9 19 18
TICK
CX 2 1 16 15 11 10 8 14 3 9 12 18
DEPOLARIZE2(0.001) 2 1 16 15 11 10 8 14 3 9 12 18
TICK
CX 16 10 11 5 25 19 8 9 17 18 12 13
DEPOLARIZE2(0.001) 16 10 11 5 25 19 8 9 17 18 12 13
TICK
CX 16 8 11 3 25 17 1 9 10 18 5 13
DEPOLARIZE2(0.001) 16 8 11 3 25 17 1 9 10 18 5 13
TICK
H 2 11 16 25
DEPOLARIZE1(0.001) 2 11 16 25
TICK
MR 2 9 11 13 14 16 18 25
DETECTOR(2, 0, 0) rec[-8]
DETECTOR(2, 4, 0) rec[-3]
DETECTOR(4, 2, 0) rec[-6]
DETECTOR(4, 6, 0) rec[-1]
REPEAT 999 {
    TICK
    H 2 11 16 25
    DEPOLARIZE1(0.001) 2 11 16 25
    TICK
    CX 2 3 16 17 11 12 15 14 10 9 19 18
    DEPOLARIZE2(0.001) 2 3 16 17 11 12 15 14 10 9 19 18
    TICK
    CX 2 1 16 15 11 10 8 14 3 9 12 18
    DEPOLARIZE2(0.001) 2 1 16 15 11 10 8 14 3 9 12 18
    TICK
    CX 16 10 11 5 25 19 8 9 17 18 12 13
    DEPOLARIZE2(0.001) 16 10 11 5 25 19 8 9 17 18 12 13
    TICK
    CX 16 8 11 3 25 17 1 9 10 18 5 13
    DEPOLARIZE2(0.001) 16 8 11 3 25 17 1 9 10 18 5 13
    TICK
    H 2 11 16 25
    DEPOLARIZE1(0.001) 2 11 16 25
    TICK
    MR 2 9 11 13 14 16 18 25
    SHIFT_COORDS(0, 0, 1)
    DETECTOR(2, 0, 0) rec[-8] rec[-16]
    DETECTOR(2, 2, 0) rec[-7] rec[-15]
    DETECTOR(4, 2, 0) rec[-6] rec[-14]
    DETECTOR(6, 2, 0) rec[-5] rec[-13]
    DETECTOR(0, 4, 0) rec[-4] rec[-12]
    DETECTOR(2, 4, 0) rec[-3] rec[-11]
    DETECTOR(4, 4, 0) rec[-2] rec[-10]
    DETECTOR(4, 6, 0) rec[-1] rec[-9]
}
MX 1 3 5 8 10 12 15 17 19
DETECTOR(2, 0, 1) rec[-8] rec[-9] rec[-17]
DETECTOR(2, 4, 1) rec[-2] rec[-3] rec[-5] rec[-6] rec[-12]
DETECTOR(4, 2, 1) rec[-4] rec[-5] rec[-7] rec[-8] rec[-15]
DETECTOR(4, 6, 1) rec[-1] rec[-2] rec[-10]
OBSERVABLE_INCLUDE(0) rec[-3] rec[-6] rec[-9]
""")
cirq_circuit = stimcirq.stim_circuit_to_cirq_circuit(stim_circuit)
print(cirq_circuit)
cirq_web.Circuit3D(cirq_circuit).generate_html_file(
    file_name="stim_circuit_viewer.html",
    open_in_browser=True,
)

This PR also introduced Issue #7540.

[seunomonije]

Making a note here that it will likely be necessary to decouple client code generation to a dedicated class like a factory at some point.

This class would generate client code based off of the type of circuit, and to test it, we could feed in different circuits and test client code generation there. This would be especially helpful when testing things like moment filtering, tooltips, etc — it seems inevitable that there will be a lot more interaction between different types of Python circuits and what's displayed in browsers/notebooks.

A good example of this is here, as of now, the browser makes the decision to show or hide the div. Works for a patch, but as more features come in it may be better to generate specific client code from Python based on the construction of the circuit and even flags that the user sets.

This would also help with #4257.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 97.54%. Comparing base (072d871) to head (6726252).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #7541      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   97.54%   97.54%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files        1099     1099              
  Lines       99191    99191              
==========================================
- Hits        96755    96751       -4     
- Misses       2436     2440       +4     

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[seunomonije]

We should merge #7687 in first before merging this one