2015 Day 08 part 1 & 2

2015/day-08.php

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+<?php
+
+require __DIR__ . '/../vendor/autoload.php';
+
+use adventofcode\Year2015\StringParser;
+
+/**
+ * --- Day 8: Matchsticks ---
+ *
+ * Space on the sleigh is limited this year, and so Santa will be bringing his list as a digital copy. He needs to
+ * know how much space it will take up when stored.
+ *
+ * It is common in many programming languages to provide a way to escape special characters in strings. For example,
+ * C, JavaScript, Perl, Python, and even PHP handle special characters in very similar ways.
+ *
+ * However, it is important to realize the difference between the number of characters in the code representation of
+ * the string literal and the number of characters in the in-memory string itself.
+ *
+ * For example:
+ *
+ *   - "" is 2 characters of code (the two double quotes), but the string contains zero characters.
+ *   - "abc" is 5 characters of code, but 3 characters in the string data.
+ *   - "aaa\"aaa" is 10 characters of code, but the string itself contains six "a" characters and a single, escaped
+ *     quote character, for a total of 7 characters in the string data.
+ *   - "\x27" is 6 characters of code, but the string itself contains just one - an apostrophe ('),
+ *     escaped using hexadecimal notation.
+ *
+ * Santa's list is a file that contains many double-quoted string literals, one on each line. The only escape
+ * sequences used are \\ (which represents a single backslash), \" (which represents a lone double-quote character),
+ * and \x plus two hexadecimal characters (which represents a single character with that ASCII code).
+ *
+ * Disregarding the whitespace in the file, what is the number of characters of code for string literals minus
+ * the number of characters in memory for the values of the strings in total for the entire file?
+ *
+ * For example, given the four strings above, the total number of characters of string code (2 + 5 + 10 + 6 = 23)
+ * minus the total number of characters in memory for string values (0 + 3 + 7 + 1 = 11) is 23 - 11 = 12.
+ */
+
+$stringParser = new StringParser();
+$input = file(__DIR__ . '/inputs/day-08.input', FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES);
+
+$result = $stringParser->computeStringUsage($input);
+print(
+    'The total number of characters of string code (' .
+    $result['charactersOfStringCode'] . ') minus the total number of characters in memory (' .
+    $result['charactersInMemory'] . ') is ' .
+    $result['charactersOfStringCode'] - $result['charactersInMemory'] .
+    ".\n"
+);
+
+/**
+ * --- Part Two ---
+ *
+ * Now, let's go the other way. In addition to finding the number of characters of code, you should now encode each
+ * code representation as a new string and find the number of characters of the new encoded representation,
+ * including the surrounding double quotes.
+ *
+ * For example:
+ *
+ *   - "" encodes to "\"\"", an increase from 2 characters to 6.
+ *   - "abc" encodes to "\"abc\"", an increase from 5 characters to 9.
+ *   - "aaa\"aaa" encodes to "\"aaa\\\"aaa\"", an increase from 10 characters to 16.
+ *   - "\x27" encodes to "\"\\x27\"", an increase from 6 characters to 11.
+ *
+ * Your task is to find the total number of characters to represent the newly encoded strings minus the number of
+ * characters of code in each original string literal. For example, for the strings above, the total encoded
+ * length (6 + 9 + 16 + 11 = 42) minus the characters in the original code representation (23, just like in the
+ * first part of this puzzle) is 42 - 23 = 19.
+ */
+
+$result = $stringParser->computeEncodedStringUsage($input);
+print(
+    'The total number of characters of encoded string code (' .
+    $result['charactersOfEncodedStrings'] . ') minus the total number of characters of string code (' .
+    $result['charactersOfStringCode'] . ') is ' .
+    $result['charactersOfEncodedStrings'] - $result['charactersOfStringCode'] .
+    ".\n"
+);

2015/inputs/day-08-sample.input

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+""
+"abc"
+"aaa\"aaa"
+"\x27"

2015/inputs/day-08.input

@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
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