Fix the seed of RandomLocalState to be 64bit instead of 32bits

This is connected to raising RandomEngine to use 64bit state, see duckdb#13920, but
initialization need to be done on full range otherwise entropy is limited when many repeated statement are executed.

Note that here we only solve the problem for RandomLocalState.
A wider rework of the RandomEngine API migth be also handy.

Test case provided by @taniabogatsch

Fixes duckdb/duckdb-rs#331
Fixes marcboeker/go-duckdb#339

extension/core_functions/scalar/random/random.cpp

@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@
 namespace duckdb {
 
 struct RandomLocalState : public FunctionLocalState {
-	explicit RandomLocalState(uint32_t seed) : random_engine(seed) {
+	explicit RandomLocalState(uint64_t seed) : random_engine(0) {
+		random_engine.SetSeed(seed);
 	}
 
 	RandomEngine random_engine;
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ static unique_ptr<FunctionLocalState> RandomInitLocalState(ExpressionState &stat
                                                            FunctionData *bind_data) {
 	auto &random_engine = RandomEngine::Get(state.GetContext());
 	lock_guard<mutex> guard(random_engine.lock);
-	return make_uniq<RandomLocalState>(random_engine.NextRandomInteger());
+	return make_uniq<RandomLocalState>(random_engine.NextRandomInteger64());
 }
 
 ScalarFunction RandomFun::GetFunction() {

src/common/random_engine.cpp

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ uint32_t RandomEngine::NextRandomInteger32(uint32_t min, uint32_t max) {
 	return min + static_cast<uint32_t>(NextRandom32() * double(max - min));
 }
 
-void RandomEngine::SetSeed(uint32_t seed) {
+void RandomEngine::SetSeed(uint64_t seed) {
 	random_state->pcg.seed(seed);
 }
 

src/include/duckdb/common/random_engine.hpp

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class RandomEngine {
 	uint32_t NextRandomInteger(uint32_t min, uint32_t max);
 	uint64_t NextRandomInteger64();
 
-	void SetSeed(uint32_t seed);
+	void SetSeed(uint64_t seed);
 
 	static RandomEngine &Get(ClientContext &context);