Implement Raster.astype

src/rastr/raster.py

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
     from folium import Map
     from matplotlib.axes import Axes
     from matplotlib.image import AxesImage
-    from numpy.typing import ArrayLike, NDArray
+    from numpy.typing import ArrayLike, DTypeLike, NDArray
     from rasterio.io import BufferedDatasetWriter, DatasetReader, DatasetWriter
     from shapely.geometry.base import BaseGeometry
     from typing_extensions import Self
@@ -341,6 +341,21 @@ def clamp(
             raster_meta=self.raster_meta,
         )
 
+    def astype(self, dtype: DTypeLike) -> Self:
+        """Cast the raster array to a specified dtype.
+
+        Returns a new raster with the array cast to the given dtype. The original
+        raster is not modified.
+
+        Args:
+            dtype: Target data type (e.g. ``"float32"``, ``np.int16``).
+
+        Returns:
+            A new Raster instance with the array cast to the specified dtype.
+        """
+        cls = self.__class__
+        return cls(arr=self.arr.astype(dtype), raster_meta=self.raster_meta)
+
     def set_crs(self, crs: CRS | str, *, allow_override: bool = False) -> Self:
         """Set the CRS of the raster without reprojecting.
 

tests/rastr/test_raster.py

@@ -1183,6 +1183,82 @@ def test_preserves_dtype(self):
             assert result.arr.dtype == np.int32
             assert result.raster_meta == raster_meta
 
+    class TestAstype:
+        def test_converts_to_float32(self):
+            # Arrange
+            raster_meta = RasterMeta(
+                crs=CRS.from_epsg(2193),
+                transform=Affine(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
+            )
+            raster = Raster(
+                arr=np.array([[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0]], dtype=np.float64),
+                raster_meta=raster_meta,
+            )
+
+            # Act
+            result = raster.astype("float32")
+
+            # Assert
+            assert result.arr.dtype == np.float32
+            assert result.raster_meta == raster_meta
+
+        def test_converts_to_int16(self):
+            # Arrange
+            raster_meta = RasterMeta(
+                crs=CRS.from_epsg(2193),
+                transform=Affine(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
+            )
+            raster = Raster(
+                arr=np.array([[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0]], dtype=np.float64),
+                raster_meta=raster_meta,
+            )
+
+            # Act
+            result = raster.astype(np.int16)
+
+            # Assert
+            assert result.arr.dtype == np.int16
+            np.testing.assert_array_equal(result.arr, np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]]))
+
+        def test_preserves_values(self):
+            # Arrange
+            raster_meta = RasterMeta(
+                crs=CRS.from_epsg(2193),
+                transform=Affine(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
+            )
+            raster = Raster(
+                arr=np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]], dtype=np.int32),
+                raster_meta=raster_meta,
+            )
+
+            # Act
+            result = raster.astype(np.float64)
+
+            # Assert
+            np.testing.assert_array_equal(
+                result.arr, np.array([[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0]])
+            )
+
+        def test_subclass_return_type(self):
+            # Arrange
+            class MyRaster(Raster):
+                pass
+
+            raster_meta = RasterMeta(
+                crs=CRS.from_epsg(2193),
+                transform=Affine(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
+            )
+            raster = MyRaster(
+                arr=np.array([[1.0, 2.0], [3.0, 4.0]], dtype=np.float64),
+                raster_meta=raster_meta,
+            )
+
+            # Act
+            result = raster.astype("float32")
+
+            # Assert
+            assert isinstance(result, MyRaster)
+
     class TestSetCRS:
         def test_crs_object(self, example_raster: Raster) -> None:
             # Arrange