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Merge pull request #20 from w3c/fix-typos-based-on-ispell
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fix typo based on ispell
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ashimura authored Apr 2, 2024
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Expand Up @@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ <h1 id="title"><i class="todo" >PROPOSED</i> Web-based Digital Twins for Smart C
<div id="background" class="background">
<h2>Motivation and Background</h2>

<h3>Initial discussion during the Smart Cities Worshop in 2021</h3>
<h3>Initial discussion during the Smart Cities Workshop in 2021</h3>
<p>"Smart Cities" refers to a range of technologies and processes for intelligent management of our built and inhabited environment. As interest rises, we see prospects for smarter and easier integration of various technologies from multiple vendors related to IoT devices and Web services.</p>

<p><a href="https://w3c.github.io/wot-usecases/#smart-city">Several preliminary use cases on Smart Cities</a> have been discussed within the Web of Thing (WoT) IG as part of the WoT standardization based on the proposal during the <a href="https://www.w3.org/WoT/ws-2019/minutes.html#day2-item02">Second WoT Workshop in Munich</a>.</p>
Expand All @@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ <h3>Follow-up discussion during the TPAC 2022 breakout, etc.</h3>
<li>W3C</li>
</ul>

<p>As a consequence, the participatns identified that "Digital Twins" would be the key cocept to handle Smart Cities services in a standardizedmanner, and got consensusto continue further discussion on a possible framework of Web-based Digital Twins for Smart Cities within the W3C to cope with remaining issues of Smart Cities.</p>
<p>As a consequence, the participants identified that "Digital Twins" would be the key concept to handle Smart Cities services in a standardized manner, and got consensus to continue further discussion on a possible framework of Web-based Digital Twins for Smart Cities within the W3C to cope with remaining issues of Smart Cities.</p>

<h3>What has been done so far</h3>
<h4>W3C Web of Things</h4>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -307,13 +307,13 @@ <h3>“Digital Twins” as the Key Concept</h3>
<figcaption>Digital Twin Framework</figcaption>
</figure>

<p>Digital Twin framework provides a method to applications to handle physical devices by controlling the digital representations of the physical deives on the digital layer based on tha data connection between the digital representations and the physical devices.</p>
<p>Digital Twin framework provides a method to applications to handle physical devices by controlling the digital representations of the physical devices on the digital layer based on the data connection between the digital representations and the physical devices.</p>

<p>A possible data connection mechanism for Web-based Digital Twins, which was agreed on during the TPAC 2022 breakout, consists of the following three W3C standards:</p>
<ul>
<li>Decentralized Identifiers (DID): define IDs to identify devices and users on the digigal layer</li>
<li>Web of Things (WoT): define the capability of physical devices so that they can be handled by applications on the digigal layer</li>
<li>Verifiable Credentials (VC): standardized description about user credentials to see what the users can/can't do with the devices on the digigal layer</li>
<li>Decentralized Identifiers (DID): define IDs to identify devices and users on the digital layer</li>
<li>Web of Things (WoT): define the capability of physical devices so that they can be handled by applications on the digital layer</li>
<li>Verifiable Credentials (VC): standardized description about user credentials to see what the users can/can't do with the devices on the digital layer</li>
</ul>

<figure>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -369,15 +369,15 @@ <h2>Scope</h2>

<p>The topics that the Interest Group will address include but are not limited to:</p>
<ul>
<li>Disaster countermeasure, incluidng (1) prediction and prevention before disasters, (2) information sharing during/right after the disaster and (3) recovery from the disaster;</li>
<li>Disaster countermeasure, including (1) prediction and prevention before disasters, (2) information sharing during/right after the disaster and (3) recovery from the disaster;</li>
<li>Transportation,
both public and private;</li>
<li>Logistics,
including last-mile delivery of goods and services;</li>
<li>Infrastructure,
including IoT-based sensing and actuation;</li>
<li>Energy management and sustainability;</li>
<li>Connection between crimate crisis and smart cities;</li>
<li>Connection between climate crisis and smart cities;</li>
<li>Relationship with Smart Buildings as part of the geolocation things like location of pipes;</li>
<li>Signage,
addressing the problem of timely delivery of information to a diverse population;</li>
Expand All @@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ <h2>Scope</h2>
<li>Internationalization,
to support diverse populations and tourism.</li>
</ul>
<p>We can speculate about many topics, so need to identfy what the group's key topics are and see what would fit with W3C through the discussion with the existing smart cities. Note that the topics listed above are related to each other, so the relationship among multiple topics should be described as concrete use cases, e.g., which topics to be considered in what kind of situation.</p>
<p>We can speculate about many topics, so need to identify what the group's key topics are and see what would fit with W3C through the discussion with the existing smart cities. Note that the topics listed above are related to each other, so the relationship among multiple topics should be described as concrete use cases, e.g., which topics to be considered in what kind of situation.</p>

<p>The main tasks that the Interest Group will undertake include:</p>
<ul>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ <h3>Timeline</h3>

<section id="success-criteria">
<h2>Success Criteria</h2>
<p>Smart Cities vary widely and diversely. So we can wander into all sorts of areas if we don't get the right regulators to hear where they care. Terefore we need to make sure the group enrolls the support of implementers, the authorities and cities to get them involved to help set prioritization.</p>
<p>Smart Cities vary widely and diversely. So we can wander into all sorts of areas if we don't get the right regulators to hear where they care. Therefore we need to make sure the group enrolls the support of implementors, the authorities and cities to get them involved to help set prioritization.</p>

<p>For that purpose, we need to identify important stakeholders and would start with a smaller team, e.g., Asian stakeholders like Singapore, Japan, China and Korea, and involve more countries/cities like Sweden, Brazil and NYC via the collaboration with the W3C Chapters and the attendees of the <a href=" https://www.w3.org/2021/06/smartcities-workshop/attendees.html">Smart Cities Workshop in June 2021</a> and the TPAC breakout sessions in October 2021 (<a href="https://www.w3.org/2021/10/18-smart-cities-minutes.html">Day 1</a>, <a href="https://www.w3.org/2021/10/21-smart-cities-minutes.html">Day 2</a>).</p>

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ <h3 id="w3c-coordination">W3C Groups</h3>
<dt class="coord-org">Agriculture CG</dt>
<dd>definition of agriculture use cases</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">Linked Building Data CG</dt>
<dd>Relationship with smart buildings as part of the geolocation use cacses</dd>
<dd>Relationship with smart buildings as part of the geolocation use cases</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">Web Authentication WG</dt>
<dd>security, credentials</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">Service Workers WG</dt>
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -613,28 +613,28 @@ <h3 id="external-coordination">External Organizations</h3>
</dd>
<dt class="coord-org"><!--a href="https://www.ogc.org/"-->Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC):<!--/a--></dt>
<dd>geolocation and geographic information systems</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">ISO</dt><dd>standards on sustainable cities and communites</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">ISO</dt><dd>standards on sustainable cities and communities</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">IEC</dt><dd>standardized vocabulary for smart cities</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">ISO/IEC JTC1</dt><dd>standards on smart city ICT, preresearch work and gap analysis</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">BSI</dt><dd>trauted framework to support smart cities and communities</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">ISO/IEC JTC1</dt><dd>standards on smart city ICT, pre-research work and gap analysis</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">BSI</dt><dd>trusted framework to support smart cities and communities</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">ETSI</dt><dd>standardization to meet citizen and consumer requirements</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">FIWARE</dt><dd>open-source implementations of open standard like NGSI-LD in partnership with ETSI, etc.</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">ECLASS</dt><dd>standardized taxonomy, terminology and semantics for smart cities</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">ECHONET</dt><dd>smart homes</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">IPA DADC</dt><dd>smart buildings</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">DTPR</dt><dd>foundation for tranparecy, legibility and accountability of digital technology in built environment</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">DTPR</dt><dd>foundation for transparency, legibility and accountability of digital technology in built environment</dd>
</dl></dd>

<dt class="coord-category">Economic Unions and Communities (not limited to but incluiding the following):</dt>
<dt class="coord-category">Economic Unions and Communities (not limited to but including the following):</dt>
<dd><dl>
<dt class="coord-org"><!-- a href="https://asean.org/"-->ASEAN:<!-- /a--></dt>
<dd>Discussion of smart city use cases and deployments in South-East Asia.</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">The World Economic Forum</dt><dd>improving the state of the world by engaging business, political, academic, and other leaders</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">The Smart City Consortium</dt><dd>smart city discussion in Hong Kong, and share the expertise with other professional bodies</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">The Smart Cities Council</dt><dd>building cross-sector capability, capacity and colloboration around smart cities</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">The Smart Cities Council</dt><dd>building cross-sector capability, capacity and collaboration around smart cities</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">TM Forum</dt><dd>alliance of 800+ global companies working together to break down technology and cultural barriers</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">Viable Cities</dt><dd>climate Neutral Cities 2030 with a good life for all within the limits of the planet</dd>
<dt class="coord-org">Other economic unios and communities to be added</li>
<dt class="coord-org">Other economic unions and communities to be added</li>
</dl>
<dt class="coord-category">Countries and Cities:</dt>
<dd>
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